Wodehouse Memorial Dedicated in Westminster Abbey

Several papers carry the story of the dedication yesterday of a memorial plaque to P G Wodehouse in Westminster Abbey. This is from the Financial Times:

Nestled above playwright NoĂ«l Coward and to the right of broadcaster Richard Dimbleby, a memorial plaque to author and humorist PG Wodehouse was dedicated in London’s Westminster Abbey on Friday. Wodehouse admirers hope that the commemoration, only the fifth of its kind for an author in the last decade in the church where Britain’s monarchs are crowned, will complete his rehabilitation after controversy over broadcasts he made while detained in Nazi Germany clouded his later life. […]  Though he was cleared of wrongdoing by MI5, the domestic intelligence service, and defended by literary heavyweights such as Evelyn Waugh and George Orwell, Wodehouse never returned to Britain. He only received a long-blocked knighthood six weeks before his death in 1975. […] His memorial is in the south quire aisle of the abbey. A commemoration in the church is one of the highest honours for cultural figures in the UK. Physicist Stephen Hawking’s ashes were interred there last year, and poet Philip Larkin received a floor stone in 2016…

Similar stories appear in the Times and Daily Telegraph. Additional details of the ceremony were posted by the P G Wodehouse Society:

The stone will be dedicated by The Dean of Westminster. HRH The Duke of Kent, on behalf of The PG Wodehouse Society of which he is a Patron, will invite the Dean to receive the memorial into the safe custody of the Dean and Chapter. The Address will be given by the Society’s President, the TV personality, Alexander Armstrong. Hal and Lara Cazalet, son and daughter of Sir Edward, will sing, accompanied by Stephen Higgins. Lucy Tregear, Martin Jarvis and Alexander Armstrong will read extracts from Wodehouse’s works.

Waugh and Wodehouse corresponded with each other after the war, and Waugh also wrote several articles defending Wodehouse and praising his work. In 1961, Waugh appeared on the BBC Home Service and broadcast a talk later published in the Sunday Times and entitled “An Homage and Reparation to P. G. Wodehouse.” EAR, pp. 561-68.

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Waugh, Nabokov and a Booker Nominee

In today’s Times newspaper, critic and novelist D J Taylor reviews a long-shot Booker prize nominee entitled Ducks, Newburyport by Lucy Ellmann. This is a 1000 page novel written in the form of a single sentence. The review opens with this observation:

It was Evelyn Waugh, emerging from the footnoted 999-line poem that is Vladimir Nabokov’s Pale Fire (1962), who came up with the idea of the “stunt novel”. By this he meant a work of fiction whose form is so self-consciously arresting, “experimental”, or otherwise peculiar — letters chucked at random across the page, syntactical mash-ups, interior monologues — that it becomes undetachable from its content, to the point that neither can be properly considered in the absence of the other. Clearly, most of the great avant-garde novels of the past century and a bit can be slotted into Waugh’s category.

Waugh’s comment appeared in a 16 June 1962 letter to Ann Fleming. The comment continued after that brief opening: “but a clever one.” Waugh had written dismissive letters regarding Nabokov’s previous novel Lolita in which he described it as “smut”. He suspected that the London edition had been Bowdlerized and commented that the Yank edition was “full of very high-brow allusions,” leading him to wonder whether there may be a modern Bowdler “whose office is to introduce ‘literary merit’ into smut.”  He asked his correspondent (John Donaldson) whether he might have access to a copy of the Paris edition to see whether “it may be a mare’s nest but if I have hit on a truth it will be jolly funny.” There is an editorial footnote commenting “It was a mare’s nest” but not indicating whose opinion that may have been. (Letters, 516, 586).

Taylor’s review of the Booker nominee continues by comparing it to such other noted experimental novels as Joyce’s Ulysses, B S Johnson’s The Unfortunates (1969) and Rayner Heppenstall’s Two Moons (1969). A further comparison might have included one of  David Foster Wallace’s doorstoppers or Thomas Pynchon’s Gravity’s Rainbow. While they may have comparable heft, perhaps they weren’t sufficiently experimental.

The review concludes with this:

Several hundred thousand words later, the reader stumbles forth exhausted with the sense of having gone up several hundred cul-de-sacs, in which passages of great beauty alternate with tedious lists. And so delight in the spectacle of a tiny independent publisher from Norwich taking on the big boys in the Booker is tempered by a suspicion that over much of Ducks, Newburyport hangs a faint air of desultoriness.

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Positive Light on 2008 Brideshead Film

Several recent articles have reconsidered the much-maligned 2008 film adaptation of Brideshead Revisited in a relatively more positive light:

–In a essay published in TLS earlier this month, Mikaella Clements writes about the theme of the “bath in twentieth century literature”. She concludes that in many cases “baths were troublesome. They were prone to intrusion and disorder. They were too hot, too small, too crowded with litanies of junk: newspapers, cigarettes, alcohol, razors.” After working her way through examples in fiction of Willa Cather, J D Salinger and James Baldwin, she arrives at one from a Waugh novel:

Baths are transformative or transportative, as though they might stroll away on their own claw-footed legs. It is so in the middle third of Brideshead Revisited, when everything has already started to go wrong and we find out that Sebastian and Charles share “what had once been a dressing-room and had been changed to a bathroom twenty years back by the substitution for the bed of a deep, copper, mahogany-framed bath”. The ghost of that bed in an otherwise ornate, old-fashioned bathroom, with its “water colours dimmed by steam and the huge towel warming on the back of the chintz armchair”, haunts the scene. By this point in the novel, the playful, loving, homoerotic undertones in Charles and Sebastian’s relationship have given way to distrust and switching alliances. The men are no longer simply best friends, and where earlier they might have larked splashing in the fountain together, the shared bathroom seems somehow darker, a more complicated, adult arrangement. Seen through the steam, the bath that Sebastian and Charles take turns in blurs with its old form, a bed that we can’t quite catch them in at the same time.

The story is headed with a still from the 2008 film showing Ben Whishaw as Sebastian, reclining in a bathtub and holding a cigarette.

–The website Culture Trip reviews films set in Venice, which it considers one of the most cinematic cities in the world, and selects a list of ten that reflect its darker side.  Among these is the 2008 version of Brideshead:

A dissolute aristocrat finds solace and refuge in Venice, before embracing the darker side of the city, in Julian Jarrold’s adaptation of the novel by Evelyn Waugh. This typical Venetian tale is told with class and wit in Jarrold’s film, as the middle-class Charles Ryder travels to Venice with his aristocratic friend Sebastian Flyte, played by Matthew Goode and Ben Whishaw, respectively. Newfound freedom is followed by deep betrayal in the city. Waugh’s story of lost youth and disappointed expectations has been adapted several times, perhaps most successfully by Granada Television in 1981, and this most recent film adaptation is a more ostentatious take on Waugh’s tale of decadence and failed dreams.

Other films on the list are Luchino Visconti’s 1971 film of Thomas Mann’s novel Death in Venice, Nicholas Roeg’s haunting Don’t Look Now (1971) and Al Pacino’s memorable 1974 film version of Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice.

The 2008 film also received a recent bit of additional celebrity not related to its Venetian setting. Its US distributor was Miramax films, then being run by Harvey Weinstein. He made a visit to the set in 2007 which was described in recent press reports relating some memories of Emma Thompson. See previous posts.

BBCAmerica’s website recommends several films with British country-house settings that could provide enjoyable viewing while one awaits the premiere of the film version of Downton Abbey later this week:

Evelyn Waugh‘s classic novel was famously adapted into a 1981 TV miniseries which won Emmy, Golden Globe, and BAFTA awards. This 2008 movie adaptation wasn’t quite as acclaimed, but it’s still worth watching for its sumptuous production values and fabulous cast. Ben Whishaw plays Charles Ryder, a middle-class student at the University of Oxford who becomes attracted to two members of the same aristocratic family, Lord Sebastian Flyte (Downton‘s Matthew Goode) and his sister Lady Julia Flyte (Hayley Atwell). Ryder is also dazzled by their stunning home, Brideshead Castle, where he meets their formidable and sometimes disapproving mother, Lady Marchmain (Dame Emma Thompson). Brideshead Revisited isn’t an all-time classic period movie, but it’s perhaps a little underrated.

They’ve got the roles of Goode and Whishaw reversed.

–Finally, the Oprah Magazine makes the same point as BBCAmerica but recommends reading the book rather than watching the film while waiting for Downton Abbey. They mention the 2008 film as well:

Brideshead Revisited unfolds through the perspective of Charles Ryder, a British officer infatuated with the Marchmains, an upper-class Roman Catholic English family, and their orb of privilege.

His character is perfect for Matthew Goode to bring to the screen, which he does in Brideshead Revisited, the film. Aptly, the actor is also a member of the cast of Downton Abbey, the film.

 

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Waugh in Academia: Shanghai and Oxford

A paper relating to Waugh will be presented later this week at an academic conference in China. This is entitled “Hearing Voices: The Extended Mind in Evelyn Waugh’s The Ordeal of Gilbert Pinfold“. It will be offered on Saturday, 21 September at Duke Kunshan University in Kunshan, China near Shanghai in a conference on the subject “Future of the Humanities: The Gender/Sex Turn”. The presenter is Dr Yuexi Liu who teaches at Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University in Suzhou, also near Shanghai. Dr Liu is also co-editor of Evelyn Waugh Studies and a member of the Evelyn Waugh Society. More information on the conference is available at this link.

In other news, the Daily Mail has reported that Hertford College, Oxford, is considering the appointment of TV presenter Jeremy Paxman as its next Principal. According to Sebastian Shakespeare, writing in the Mail:

Hertford College [is] alma mater of Question Time host Fiona Bruce and Brideshead Revisited author Evelyn Waugh, who fictionalised Hertford as ‘Scone College’ [in his novel Decline and Fall] and made it the scene of an episode of Bullingdon Club depravity.

Jeremy Paxman, who for the past 25 years has been ‘master’ of University Challenge has, I can disclose, been interviewed for the role of Principal of Hertford College. […] Paxo is all too aware his TV bosses may wield the axe at University Challenge before long, acknowledging eight years ago that the BBC would one day say: ‘let’s get rid of this old person’. Oxford is more tolerant, allowing colleges to determine the age at which their heads retire. A number are in their seventies, including Sir Ivor Crewe, 73. Hertford is offering an ‘initial term’ of five years, which would take Paxo to 75.

But his politics may be a problem. Though a Labour supporter during his own university days at Cambridge, Paxo is now bracingly independent and has little sympathy for political correctness. Hertford, by contrast, proudly proclaims its ‘progressive social agenda’. …

Hertford also featured as Charles Ryder’s thinly disguised but un-named college in Brideshead.

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Mid-September Roundup: Applause and Design

The Times newspaper carries an excerpt from David Cameron’s new memoirs For the Record in which he recalls his education. After prep school and Eton, he discusses Oxford and concludes with this about his membership in the Bullingdon Club:

I can’t, of course, write about Oxford without three dreaded words that haunted me for most of my political life: the Bullingdon Club. When I look now at the much-reproduced photograph taken of our group of appallingly over-self-confident “sons of privilege”, I cringe. If I had known at the time the grief I would get for that picture, of course I would never have joined. But life isn’t like that.

At the time I took the opposite view to Groucho Marx, and wanted to join pretty much any club that would have me. And this one was raffish and notorious. These were also the years after the ITV adaptation of Brideshead Revisited, when quite a few of us were carried away by the fantasy of an Evelyn Waugh-like Oxford existence.

It seems odd for Cameron to include Waugh’s Brideshead among the reasons for his joining the Bullingdon when Waugh himself had rather rubbished it in his first novel Decline and Fall and doesn’t mention it in any positive way in Brideshead (except for its persecution of Anthony Blanche).

–The Daily Telegraph earlier this week carried an article by Emily Hill expressing concern that, in the UK, applause was in danger of becoming a spontaneous reaction unconnected with any thought of approval of what was being applauded. The article refers to applause in Parliament on the occasion of the announcement by John Bercow that he was stepping down as Speaker of the House of Commons. He was one of the few participants in recent debates who attempted some semblance of impartiality on the matters arising from the Brexit process. The comment is, however, not surprising in the rabidly pro-Brexit Telegraph, which has been flirting with unreadability recently in an apparent race with the Daily Mail to the bottom of the objective reporting chart.

In the course of the article other examples of automatic applause were cited, including one from an Evelyn Waugh novel:

‘If you’re happy and you know it, clap your hands’ is a hideously repetitive nursery song many of us were brainwashed with as children – which perhaps explains the spontaneous applause when Speaker Bercow resigned in the Commons this week.

[…] As a nation, though, I fear that we’ve officially lost the plot. We used to clap as a mark of respect at the start of toasts and the end of speeches. Take that brilliant banquet scene in Evelyn Waugh’s Scoop, when Lord Copper makes a 38-minute speech and notes with approval that “even the waiters… were diligently clapping”…

Lord Copper’s speech is delivered at the end of Waugh’s novel. But it should be noted that the waiters were applauding before the speech when Lord Copper rose to deliver it, not 38 minutes later, after it had come to an end (London: Penguin, 2011, pp. 300-02). The point is no less valid, however; perhaps even more so.

–In another article, the Daily Telegraph describes an exhibit at Charleston, the museum in East Sussex that was the farmhouse home of Vanessa Bell and Duncan Grant. The exhibit displays the works of the Omega Workshop founded by Bloomsbury art critic Roger Fry. According to the Telegraph:

Fry set out, through Omega, to blur the boundary between fine and applied arts, while offering struggling artists an income. Bell and Grant joined as directors, and the likes of Paul Nash and Gaudier-Breszka went on the payroll. Everything produced or sold was chosen to translate the joy felt by the creator to the purchaser. […] To buy into such pleasure was not cheap. Omega objects were aimed at arbiters of fashion and taste such as E M Forster and Lady Ottoline Morrell. Even Charles Ryder, in Evelyn Waugh’s Brideshead Revisited, arrives at Oxford with an Omega screen.

Charles also brings with him a book written by Roger Fry. This was entitled Vision and Design. The Telegraph’s article concludes with this:

Shutting up shop after six years, Fry declared Omega a failure, saying “I think it it would have succeeded in any other European country.” Despite his disappointment, Omega did at least give design a long-denied artistic credibility. But it would take the Bauhaus that opened in 1919, the year Omega closed, to have a more startling impact on design worldwide.

The exhibit is open through 1st January 2020. Information is available at this link.

–The latest issue of the journal Christianity and Literature (No. 68.4, September 2019) contains an article by Taryn Okuma entitled “‘Much to Repent and Repair’: Evelyn Waugh’s Sword of Honour and Modern War Literature”. Here is an abstract:

Although Evelyn Waugh’s World War II trilogy Sword of Honour is often read for its distinctly Roman Catholic critique of the war, not enough attention has been paid to the central role that the sacrament of penance plays in Waugh’s depiction of the war and the narrative structure of the trilogy. Guy Crouchback’s spiritual journey towards true repentance during the war is echoed formally by Waugh’s construction of a retrospective and didactic narrative that encourages the reader to look back and reflect, resulting in a war literature that is Catholic both in content and form.

Taryn Okuma is Associate Professor of Practice (English) at Catholic University in Washington, DC.

 

 

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BBC “Great Lives” Revisited

In this week’s issue of The Tablet, columnist Christopher Howse revisits last December’s BBC Radio 4 broadcast of the series Great Lives in which Evelyn Waugh was the subject. See previous posts. Presenter Matthew Parris interviewed panelists Russell Kane, a comedian and Waugh fan, and Ann Pasternak Slater, an Oxford Senior Research Fellow and Waugh scholar. According to Howse, he had received a letter from a Tablet reader about the program, who wrote to him:

in a great rage at “anti-Catholic bigotry on Radio 4”. On an edition of the popular programme Great Lives about Evelyn Waugh, she heard an exchange between the presenter Matthew Parris and his guest, the comedian Russell Kane.

Matthew Parris: “I find his Catholicism very difficult, because he was such a clever and discerning and honest man, and to have swallowed whole the doctrine of the Catholic Church in the way that he did just strikes me as odd.”

Russell Kane: “Could it be as simple as he was in the middle of some horrible emotional collapse and the priest got in there at the right moment and converted him and it was an addiction that got in at the right time?”

The reader went to the BBC complaints department. She argued that apparently the only explanations for anyone being Catholic are stupidity, dishonesty, mental breakdown, addiction and priests taking advantage. It goes without saying, she thought, that this wouldn’t have been said about someone Jewish, Muslim or Hindu, or would have been edited out. But she got nowhere. […]

Howse then listened to the program, which is still available on BBC Radio 4 via the internet. After hearing it through, he concluded:

The programme also featured an expert on Waugh, Ann Pasternak Slater, to keep the record straight, and she contradicted Mr Parris. When he wondered whether he took Waugh too seriously, she countered: “I think you take him too shallowly.”

I don’t complain that the BBC put the programme out. Anyone who has read biographies of Waugh knows that his decision to become a Catholic was discerning, honest and self-denying. He assumed, for one thing, that he wouldn’t be able to remarry, since his first wife had gone off and left him.

Howse might have added that the reader cited Parris’s comment out of context since it was preceded by a very thorough and reasoned analysis by Pasternak Slater of the basis for Waugh’s conversion to Roman Catholicism. Howse is correct in concluding that there was nothing unfair or one-sided about the BBC 4 presentation that would warrant the sort of censorship the reader seemed to suggest.

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Croatian Version of A Handful of Dust

The Zagreb-based publisher Mozaik Knjiga has issued a Croatian translation of Waugh’s novel A Handful of Dust. The Croatian title is PregrĆĄt praĆĄine and the translator is Petra MrduljaĆĄ. The book is reviewed in the weekly Croatian national news magazine Nacional and the provincial newspaper Glas Istre (Voice of Istria) which describe it as “a masterpiece of sophisticated satire”. The review continues:

The novel “A Handful of Dust” focuses on the beautiful Lady Brenda, who begins to get bored in her husband’s castle after seven years of marriage, and embarks on a love affair with a vain charlatan (“hohstapler”) with whom she has a completely different life, full of fun and personal tragedies.

According to the publisher’s description:

“A handful of dust masterfully blends tragedy, comedy and ruthless irony and evokes the irresponsible atmosphere of a ‘frantic and sterile generation between the two world wars,'”

This makes the sixth of Waugh’s novels available in Croatian. In addition to the three novels in the Sword of Honour trilogy (Počasni mač), Croatian versions of the The Loved One (Voljeni pokojnik) and Brideshead Revisited (Povratak u Brideshead) have already been published.

 

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Waugh Letter for Sale

A 4 December 1959 letter from Evelyn Waugh to a reader in Columbus, Ohio is for sale. The letter is offered on the internet by Charles Agvent Rare Books and Autographs of Fleetwood, Pennsylvania. The letter is addressed to Jane Callaway who had apparently been assigned to write about Waugh for her school or college lessons. She seems to have  had a question about the religious themes in Brideshead Revisited.

Waugh’s letter opens:

I think it is vulgar for a writer to discuss his own work. Still worse to ascribe any value to it. You have been [illegible] given the uncongenial task of studying my work as a test of your intelligence, taste and ability to use a library.

He goes on to suggest that she reread Brideshead, with the admonition that “Any book worth reading once is worth reading three times.” He also recommends that she try reading his other books as well as Frederick J Stopp’s 1958 critique of his work and suggests that she try a survey of English literature 1935-1945. The letter closes:

If I may offer advice without impertinence stop writing letters to people in ‘Japan, Germany, Canada’ and above all in Great Britain.

The letter was previously sold by the auction house of Skinner in Boston. At that time, two years ago, it went for a price of $400: Lot 1113A, Auction 2891T, 18 May 2016. Miss Callaway’s identity is not revealed aside from her residence in Columbus. No letter from her to Waugh is listed in the British Library’s archive of Waugh’s incoming correspondence.

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New French Edition of Waugh Wartime Diary

Later this week an edition of Waugh’s wartime diaries in French translation will be published. This is entitled Journal de guerre (1939-1945). It is translated by Julia Mayle and published by Les Belles Lettres. Boldly featured on the bottom of the cover page is the word “InĂ©dit” which means in this context “not previously published”.

The description of the book provided by the publisher is translated below (with a few edits):

“At each stage of the disaster … , I was in a prominent place. ”

In his diary, unpublished in France, Evelyn Waugh (1903-1966), reveals with ferocious irony the backstage of the British army during the Second World War. He will also draw from the peculiar war that he described in his famous romantic Sword of Honor trilogy, with Men in Arms, Officers and Gentlemen and Unconditional Surrender.

At 36, it was not easy for the Catholic writer to serve as an officer in the British army. But war or not, he remains similarly contemptuous of the universe that surrounds him. The training of the early days? Numerous degrading games designed to keep us in a good mood but which, in reality, go against the natural dignity of man. Sent from one unit to another, he takes part in various and unusual military operations. First, in 1940, the abortive Dakar expedition alongside the Free French led by General de Gaulle. Then the catastrophic evacuation of Crete by the British army. Finally, there is a long mission in the Balkans to Tito and his Partisans, with the improbable Randolph Churchill, son of the Prime Minister.  In the course of this,  the two men survive the crash of their plane, one of the many episodes of a tumultuous relationship. Between the [overseas assignments], there are dinners shared with the London establishment in the capital crushed by bombs, described with the same cynicism.

During these five years of war, Waugh continues, day after day, his insolent criticism of  British social life and one of its proudest jewels, the Army.

The length of the book is 280 pages and it is for sale on Amazon.fr for €23.50. It is probably taken from “Part 5. The Wartime Diaries 1939-1945” of the 1976 London edition of the Diaries of Evelyn Waugh, pp 457-620. Whether it includes additional material that had been omitted from the previous English language edition is not stated.

 

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Early September Roundup

–Waugh biographer Selina Hastings has reviewed D J Taylor’s recent literary history Lost Girls in the Literary Review. See earlier posts. Her review concludes with this:

In Lost Girls, Taylor presents a colourful portrait of this fascinating, sophisticated and highly sexualised literary world. The chaos of the lives of these lost girls, their husbands, lovers, friends and enemies, is expertly narrated. Taylor also offers excellent descriptions of the daily routine in the Horizon office and, crucially, of that ruthlessly dominating figure, Connolly himself. Occasionally, the stage becomes a little overcrowded: there are a few too many digressions, too many lesser—known figures, past and future husbands and wives, lovers, friends, writers and members of society all of them interesting in them selves but slightly distracting, their appearances too often turning the spotlight away from the leading members of this eccentric cast. All in all, however, this is a remarkable work and an important addition to the extraordinary wartime history of literary London.

Oddly, although Evelyn Waugh plays a prominent part in the book, Hastings doesn’t mention this in her review.

The Spectator offers advice to incoming university students in a column by Stephen Schmalhofer. He recognizes that a large majority of them may opt for the study of business and investment rather then the Humanities but urges them nevertheless to read as many novels as possible to hone their ability to deal with people in their chosen commercial professions. He offers examples of what several novels have to offer about human types likely to be encountered, including this one from a Waugh novel:

In Evelyn Waugh’s Brideshead Revisited you meet Hooper, ‘a man to whom one could not confidently entrust the simplest duty.’ He sleeps soundly while his manager lies awake fretting. You will meet many Hoopers but try not to hire them.

–Harry Mount, writing in the Catholic Herald welcomes the news that Duolingo, the most popular internet language learning site, is going to offer courses in Latin. One of the reasons Mount advances for why Latin is important in contemporary life is this:

I’ve got a theory about a certain generation of English writers, born in the first half of the last century: Evelyn Waugh, Graham Greene, Anthony Powell and Kingsley Amis. They caught the tail end of the same sort of in-depth Latin education [previously offered]. But they also grew up in the days of Modernism, and novels written in easy-going, conversational English. The combination usually worked out brilliantly: they could move between serious and jokey registers, and between highfalutin and rough and ready ones.

I can’t speak Latin. I wish I could. […] But I do know enough Latin to know that every new Latin word I learn intensifies not just my understanding of Latin and English, but also of Western civilisation.

–The Boston Globe interviews journalist, politician and now academic Samantha Power about her favorite reading. In one answer, she explains the books she read in connection with her assignment to cover the Bosnian War in the 1990s. After she lists several non-fiction books with Yugoslavian themes, she concludes wth this:

At the same time we were carrying around the Bosnian novelist Ivo Andric’s The Bridge on the River Drina, Rebecca West’s Black Lamb and Grey Falcon and Evelyn Waugh’s Scoop.

Scoop had nothing to do with Yugoslavia (the war it covered was in Abyssinia) but may have been consulted by Powers and her fellow journalists because of what it had to say about foreign correspondents covering wars. On the other hand, she may have confused that title with Waugh’s book about war in Yugoslavia entitled Unconditional Surrender.

–A review in Flood Magazine compares the new album (“Norman F—ing Rockwell !”) by singer-songwriter Lana Del Ray to Waugh’s 1930 novel Vile Bodies:

… In accordance with her sixth album’s dictates—its stories of lost values and lit cultures, ladies of the (Laurel) canyon, and a mellow soft rock sound—the singer/songwriter [Del Ray…] fashions a modern take on Evelyn Waugh’s Vile Bodies. Rather than England between the wars, Del Rey’s Rockwell! finds her setting her harmonious, sundown tones to the gullies of fantastic LA in the ’70s, her questions to an isolated Trumpian moment, all in a voice less breathy (her usual) than smug and disgusted—but unlike Waugh’s satirical look at decadent decay, Lana isn’t joking around.

–Blogger Daniel Harper on what is apparently a Unitarian/Universalist website cites Waugh’s description of his response to an Ethiopian Coptic religious service in When the Going was Good:

While watching the mass of the Abyssinian Orthodox church in Debra Lanos in 1930, during the coronation of Ras Tafari as emperor of Abyssinia, Evelyn Waugh noted that the liturgy was “quite unintelligible.” As a Roman Catholic, he had thought that the “canon of the Mass would have been in part familiar, but this was said in the sanctuary behind closed doors.” This observation led him to reflect on the exoteric (as opposed to esoteric) nature of Western Christianity[…]

After quoting further details of Waugh’s reaction to the Coptic service, the blogpost concludes:

Waugh, in 1930, was a recent and fervent convert to Roman Catholicism, and a good part of what he wrote here may be classed as Catholic apologetics directed at his Church of England readers. And some of what he wrote came from the fanciful imagination of the novelist, which is not to say that it is untrue, but it isn’t careful and dry academic discourse. And there is a core of truth in what he wrote: the mainstream of Western religion tends towards the exoteric, rather than the esoteric. This is as true of Protestantism and newer forms of Christianity as it was of Waugh’s Roman Catholicism. When the Pentecostal receives the baptism of the Spirit and speaks in tongues, it happens in front of the gathered congregation, and videos may be taken of the event and posted on Youtube. When the Unitarian Universalist minister delivers a highly intellectual sermon, everyone is welcome to come and listen to it, though you may need an advanced degree to keep up with the literary allusions and verbal footnotes.

The quoted material appeared originally in Waugh’s 1931 travel book Remote People.

 

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