Child of Waugh Generation Dies

The Daily Telegraph has announced the death of Henrietta Phipps who was the child of two of Waugh’s friends from the beginning of his career. She was 84. Her maiden name was Henrietta Lamb and she was the daughter of Pansy Pakenham and Henry Lamb. Pansy was the flatmate of Evelyn Gardner, Waugh’s first wife, at the time they met. She married artist Henry Lamb who painted the well known portrait of Waugh that illustrates the dust jacket of the 1973 collection of essays Evelyn Waugh and His World. Pansy’s sister Violet married Anthony Powell and her brother Frank Pakenham married Elizabeth Harman, all friends of Waugh.

Henrietta’s childhood in Coombe Bissett, south of Salisbury, was described in a poem attributed by the Telegraph to John Betjeman:

O the calm of Coombe Bissett is tranquil and deep,
Where Ebble flows soft in her downland asleep;
There beauty to me came a-pushing a pram
In the shape of the sweet Pansy Felicia Lamb.

The last line as quoted doesn’t quite scan, and I wonder if “the” before “sweet Pansy” is not supposed to be there. Henrietta attended Somerville College, Oxford, and became a landscape gardener who was active in the Kensington and Chelsea area. 

NOTE (25 June 2016): The ever-helpful and vigilant David Lull has confirmed my suspicions that the version of Betjeman’s poem as quoted in the Telegraph is incorrect. There is an extra “the” in the final line that shouldn’t be there. The poem is included in a letter Betjeman sent to Pansy Lamb in 1983 and is published in vol. 2 of his Letters, p. 577. The quoted poem also differs in other minor respects:

The calm of Coombe Bissett/ Is tranquil and deep
Where Ebble flows soft/ Mid her downlands asleep
And beauty to me came a-pushing a pram
In the shape of sweet Pansy Felicia Lamb.

As explained in a footnote, the poem was, according to Pansy Lamb, originally written in 1932 “at a time when [Betjeman] had a romantic image of me. It is now lost but it was a sort of a pastiche of a poem by Campbell…All I can remember is: ‘I too could be arty, I too could get on/With the Guinnesses, Gertler, and Sickert and John.'”

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Waugh Novel Included in Best Books of Past 75 Years

Parade magazine is marking its 75th anniversary. It was started in 1941 by what has now become the Chicago Sun-Times as a weekly insert for Sunday newspapers. They asked novelist Ann Patchett to make a list of the best 75 books published over the magazine’s lifespan. Patchett is probably best known for her award winning novel Bel Canto. She enlisted workers in her Nashville bookstore to help her make selections. Brideshead Revisited, published in 1945, is at the top of her own contributions to the list:

Brideshead Revisited by Evelyn Waugh (1945)
“This book is so perfectly executed—literature at its most engaging. When I think about so many of the books on this list, I’m also thinking about the books that didn’t get on. Personally, I love A Handful of Dust slightly more than Brideshead, but I was outvoted.”

She might also have noted that A Handful of Dust would have been ineligible for selection because it was published in 1934. Other books on the list that are written in the satiric tradition include Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse Five, Edward St Aubyn’s Complete Patrick Melrose Novels, and Jane Gardam’s Old Filth.

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Weekly Standard Reviews The Prose Factory

The US neoconservative journal The Weekly Standard in its latest issue has reviewed D J Taylor’s history of the English “man of letters” since World War I . See earlier posts. The book, entitled The Prose Factory, was published earlier this year in the UK and, so far as appears in this article, has as yet found no US publisher. The article links you to Amazon.com which offers an “international edition” sold by third party dealers, rather than Amazon itself.

The review by Dominic Green offers many reasons to search out the book, even though your local library or bookstore may not have it (in the US at least). The Weekly Standard illustrates why it will be of interest by heading its article with a photo of Evelyn and Alec Waugh. Green describes how Taylor uses the careers of the Waugh brothers to illustrate different strands of literary life from which a living could be derived. In the 1920s, during the rivalry between the literary traditionalists and the modernists, Evelyn Waugh split the difference by “merging Dickensian caricature with the speech experiments of Ronald Firbank.” Meanwhile, Alec wrote popular short stories and novels for the middle brow audience:

The solid storyteller Alec Waugh appealed to a far wider audience than his acerbic brother Evelyn, just as Peter Fleming would ultimately be outsold by his brother Ian… The postwar settlement undid the aristocracy, in wealth, government, and letters…. Alec Waugh prospered in Hollywood and Evelyn fumed in Gloucestershire. As the economy of highbrow letters narrowed, and the media became more powerful, the novelists and poets sheltered in the ivory tower and the academics cashed in as talking heads.

Green here oversimplifies matters somewhat. Taylor’s book explains how Evelyn’s works became hugely popular after the war, starting with Brideshead Revisited. Alec at first lost his way, as the market for his stories and novels dried up, but then found success with Island in the Sun. This became a best selling novel and hit movieand Alec lived out his life on the proceeds from that one work. Evelyn’s full blown popularity had to await the revival in his fortunes that came after his death with the 1980s TV adaptation of Brideshead.  

 

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Evening Standard Reviews New Biography

Yesterday’s Evening Standard published a review of Philip Eade’s new biography of Evelyn Waugh. This is the first daily newspaper review of the book, which is to be published next month in the UK. See earlier post. The review is by David Sexton who begins by noting previous biographies and wondering what new information this new one may offer. His answer seems to be, “Not much.” :

…[Eade] has had access to some unpublished Waugh letters, notably 80 or so written to Teresa “Baby” Jungman, with whom Waugh was unrequitedly in love in the 1930s, which he reverently calls “the holy grail of Waugh biography” and makes a meal of, maintaining that “they show a deeply romantic and tender side to his character that counters the popularly-held view of his heartlessness” — a view that could be held only by those who have failed to read him with basic comprehension.

Sexton goes on to regret that Eade spends too much time seeking to identify the models for the characters who populate Waugh’s books rather than offering an analysis of the writing itself:

…it is Waugh’s extremely lucidity, his lexical and grammatical precision, that allow no ambiguity to the cruelty and chaos and failure of love he found in the world around him from his earliest days and which provoke so much shock and laughter. It is Waugh’s writing that makes his world interesting, not the other way around.

A fair point perhaps, but then he also concedes that, by Eade’s own admission, this is not intended to be a “critical” biography. Sexton finds the feature of the book he most enjoyed is its use of the “salacious anecdote, often peripheral, from the Waugh family papers.” He then offers several examples, including:

an astounding photo of his Oxford boyfriend Alastair Graham in the nude, displaying his juicy bum, found in a letter to Evelyn inviting him for a drink in a wood (but Bron thought his father may have inserted it in the envelope later). And he does print, as a useful aide-memoire, headshots of women Waugh shagged in passing (Joyce Fagan, Audrey Lucas, Hazel Lavery, Pixie Maris).

After titillating us with several other bits of salaciousness, the review concludes:

Never mind: still a great writer, although this biography is not where to begin reading about him.

UPDATE (26 June 2016): The Times (a daily print newspaper based in London) in yesterday’s edition has also published a review of Eade’s book by Waugh biographer Paula Byrne. In today’s Sunday Times there is another review by John Walsh. These articles are  available to read on the internet with a subscription.

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Auction of Several Waugh Items in July

Forum Auctions of London has issued a catalogue of several items of interest involving books written and owned by and correspondence of Evelyn Waugh. The 75 lots come from various sources. Of the several pieces of correspondence, perhaps the most interesting are:

Lot 7, a postcard to Robert Byron dated 13 February 1928 relating to each writer’s works in progress of that period.

Lot 25, a 1936 letter to Canon F E Hutchinson relating, inter alia,  to his comments on Waugh’s biography of Edmund Campion.

Lot 59, a 1956 post card to Fr Philip Caraman seeking advice on some points of Jesuit history to use in a response to an article of Prof Hugh Trevor-Roper in the New Statesman

Lot 65, a series of post cards dated early 1960s to journalist and food critic Cyril Ray regarding socialism.

Lot 68, original of letter dated 28 October 1965 to Prof. A J P Taylor about war trilogy and  other matters; contents published in Letters, p. 634.

Also of particular interest are the following books:

Lot 3, copy of Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood that previously belonged to Waugh after his aunt bequeathed her gifted copy back to him.

Lots 21 and 22, copy of limited edition of Black Mischief and proof of “The Curse of the Horse Race” given to Diana Cooper in 1932 at the beginning of their friendship.

The sale will take place on 13 July at the London premises of the auctioneers, 220 Queenstown Road, SW8, and on the internet. The books may be viewed at the auctioneers’ premises and later at The Westbury Hotel at dates specified in the announcement.

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Film Inspired by Brideshead Revisited Released on DVD

The Bay Area Reporter, a San Francisco area weekly newspaper dedicated to reporting news of interest to the LGBT community, has reviewed a recent film entitled Those People. This has just been released on DVD and is “loosely based” on Waugh’s novel Brideshead Revisited. The film opens with several Waugh themes woven into a “parable” retold by one of the actors:

 To illustrate one of his paintings to his classmates, Charlie (Jonathan Gordon) invokes a wealthy man who owned a turtle he loved so much, he decorated its shell with expensive gems. But the weight of the jewels crushed the turtle. The parable is a commentary on 23-year-old Charlie’s obsessive relationship with his best friend Sebastian (Jason Ralph), and what can happen if one loves too much. 

The film takes place in present day New York City, and its plot follows Brideshead up to a point:

Charlie is a Jewish painter from a well-to-do family finishing his thesis for a masters in fine arts. He has been pining for his handsome best friend Sebastian, who cares for him, even relies on him, yet keeps him at a distance romantically. They are part of a tight group of rich friends socializing together in various straight and gay permutations…. Sebastian, the reckless, narcissistic, uberwealthy party boy, is in crisis mode because his father, in a Bernie Madoff-like scheme, has been imprisoned for swindling his peers out of millions, becoming New York’s most hated man. Sebastian is chased by paparazzi questioning whether he knew of his father’s defrauding. He suffers drunken fits of anger, secluding himself in their swanky apartment.

Also in common with Waugh’s novel, the homoerotic theme is not explicit. It is not clear from the review by Brian Bromberger whether the film had a full theatrical release, but it does seem to have appeared in some context before being released on DVD:

Those People was one of last year’s Frameline showcase features, and it deserves the praise it received. Writer-director Joey Kuhn, who presented this film as his thesis for a film degree, is off to an auspicious start.

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Waugh Cited on 75th Anniversary of Invasion of Soviet Union

Today marks the 75th anniversary of the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany. Up to then the two countries had been allies, and the invasion ended up converting the Soviets into allies of the Western forces, at that point in time limited to Britain and its Empire. In the Conservative History Journal, an article is posted about the political impact of this invasion:

…the date did turn out to be the first real turning point of the war, the second and more important one being December 7, 1941. It was also a turning point in European history though that did not become obvious except to a few individuals like Evelyn Waugh until much later.

The author of the article (indentified as “Helen”) may be right to attribute this foresighted recognition to Waugh, but she may be confusing the timing of Waugh’s reaction with that of Guy Crouchback, the hero of his War Trilogy. In v. 2, Officers and Gentleman (1955), Guy learns of the invasion after recovering from loss of memory during his evacuation from Crete to Egypt a few weeks earlier on a small boat :

It was just such a sunny, breezy Mediterranean day like this two years before when he read of the Russo-German alliance, when a decade of shame seemed to be ending in light and reason, when the Enemy was plain in view, huge and hateful, all disguise cast off; the modern age in arms.

Now that hallucination was dissolved, like the whales and turtles on the voyage from Crete, and he was back after two years’ pilgrimage in a Holy Land of illusion in the old ambiguous world, where priests were spies and gallant friends proved traitors and his country was led blundering into dishonour. (Penguin, 1977, p. 240)

Waugh’s diaries and letters in late June 1941 are rather sparse, and it is hard to know what he thought at that particular moment. But he was not slow in coming to realize that an alliance with the Soviets would have unhappy consequences, as soon became apparent in the case of Yugoslavia where the alliance was expanded to include the anti-religious Partisans and where he was sent in 1944 as part of a mission to support the new allies.

 

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Satirical Novels Listed on Interactive Rating Site

The interactive rating site Ranker has started a list of the best satirical novels. So far, there are four of Waugh’s novels on the list: Decline and Fall, The Loved One, Scoop and A Handful of Dust (in descending order of rank) . There are about 50 novels on the list, although more may be added. The two top ranked novels are currently George Orwell’s Animal Farm and Joseph Heller’s Catch-22. Decline and Fall was ranked #18 when last checked, but the list is dynamic as people register their votes. Anyone may indicate their preferences or add a book to the list.

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Waugh Included in Catholic Book List

The editor of a nondenominational Christian online news site, The Christian Review, has compiled a list of what he considers the best 100 Catholic novels. These include novels published between 1827 and 2011 and are listed chronologically. The somewhat subjective criteria for inclusion are that the novel must be considered by the editor to be “worth reading” and express explicit Roman Catholic themes and perspectives. It need not have been written by a Roman Catholic.

Two of Waugh’s works are included in the list: Brideshead Revisited and Helena. Georges Bernanos is the most listed novelist with five. Graham Greene may be the most listed of Waugh’s generation with 4 books. Two younger writers whose works Waugh promoted, J.F. Powers and Muriel Spark, each have two books on the list, and David Lodge, the Honorary President of the Evelyn Waugh Society has one.  

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Brideshead Reviewed in Oxford (More)

The Oxford Mail and other local papers have carried a report welcoming the stage adaptation of Brideshead Revisited back to its academic home. The report is accompanied by photos of members of the cast and crew in the dining hall of Hertford College where Waugh lived as an undergraduate. It concludes:

Company director Mark Shayle said: “We have had a fantastic time touring this new stage version of Brideshead Revisited and are delighted to be performing in Oxford, where the novelist himself, Evelyn Waugh, attended Hertford College. “It’s amazing to perform this show in the city that inspired it.”

Meanwhile, two bloggers have reviewed this week’s the performances at the Oxford Playhouse. One, blogging as Easy Retirement, attended on the night the performance was interrupted by a thunderstorm which cut off electric power for 10 minutes. According to this reviewer:

This was the most exciting part of the evening. Award winning playwright Bryony Lavery has tried to rush through a novel that was far more attuned to the leisurely pace of the brilliant 1980’s TV series. I found most of the production to be very disjointed as we race from scene to scene. I didn’t mind the ultra modern set, but it’s use only made the pace even more frantic…There is definitely a play to be made from this classic novel, but this wasn’t it.

The other blogger (Agent Catfish) was more positive:

Mummy issues were explored; insecurities were shared; artistic creativity included; the impact of war; but most fascinatingly for me, maybe as I didn’t get it or understand it the first time, the influence of religion, specifically Catholicism, can have on one’s life, not just in terms of the choices you make but the guilt you carry…

The casting is also very good, ‘Julia’ is guarded but loving; ‘Lady Marchmain’ detestable and thankfully not my mother; ‘Sebastian’ you just want to cuddle and remove him from the situation; and ‘Charles’, although hardly off stage, manages to present and inhabit a character whom is reversed, frustrated and a true friend, in the most believable way possible.

And the adaptation – picks up on the essentials. The memories are explored, a variety of places are visited, and time moves back and forth, without you ever being confused or feeling ‘You know what this doesn’t work’, because it does work. Lavery has taken a much loved book, TV series and movie, and turned it into a thoroughly enjoyable, thinking piece of live theatre.

 

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