Brideshead Catholics and the Last Altar Boy

In the Roman Catholic news website cruxnow.com there is an article by Fr Dwight Longenecker about various nostalgic tendencies within the church:
… conservative Catholics long for a pre-Conciliar Church of the Latin Mass and old devotions. Liberals often dream of a return to the Church of the ’70s with its “anything goes” attitude. While such nostalgia on both sides is understandable, it is also lamentable… In England, there is a breed of Catholic, for example, called “the young fogeys” or “Brideshead Catholics,” because they wear baggy corduroys, brogues and have floppy hair. They affect a kind of Evelyn Waugh snobbery towards all things modern, and might even have a teddy bear named Aloysius.
Nostalgia manifests itself differently in other countries such as the USA but needs to be avoided for reasons explained in the article.
In The Australian newspaper (19 August 2017) there is a long article by Greg Craven, vice chancellor of the Australian Catholic University, about a government commission that has been appointed to study the charges of child abuse within the Roman Catholic church in Australia. This has encouraged various media elements to take advantage of a perceived weakness. These include:
…the hobby atheists. Then there are various “progressive” Catholics, who see the situation as an opportunity to impose their own swinging view of Catholicism. There are even deeply traditional Catholics who take a gloomy pleasure in the “end days”: a bit like Evelyn Waugh’s fantasy to be the last altar boy at the last mass of the last pope. Oddly enough, all these zealots are doomed to disappointment. The Catholic Church in Australia is deeply shaken but will not fall.

The reference is to the opening chapter of Waugh’s trilogy Sword of Honour (p. 19)  where Guy Crouchback is reviewing his life in prewar Italy in which he felt cutoff from associations with other people and institutions, including the church. So, it is Guy’s fantasy and not that of Waugh himself.

Finally, in a catalogue issued by Jonkers Books of Henley-on-Thames relating to books of Muriel Spark, there is this reference:

Dame Muriel Spark was born in 1918 in Edinburgh, to Bernard Camberg, a Jewish engineer, and his Christian wife Sarah, who made their sitting room “a monument to religious eclecticism.” Spark was later to become a Roman Catholic under the sponsorship of Evelyn Waugh and Graham Greene.

There is something missing from this description. Both Waugh and Greene certainly boosted Spark’s early career by praising her books and may have even extended financial aid at some point. But in Waugh’s case, he became acquainted with her work only after her 1954 conversion to Roman Catholicism and cannot be said to have “sponsored” her in that connection. Martin Stannard, EW:The Later Years, p. 392, citing Letters, 477.

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Half an Hour with Evelyn Waugh

One of our readers and a member of the EWS kindly submitted the report below of her recent Waugh-themed visit to Castle Howard in North Yorkshire.

Half an Hour with Evelyn Waugh: ‘Brideshead Scenes Revisited’ at Castle Howard

by Milena Borden 

Every afternoon at 3pm one can join the outside tour guide starting at the Boar Garden of Castle Howard and follow into the steps of the Brideshead characters as depicted in the Granada TV production, 1981. The tour guide Edward Sergeant is an admirer of Waugh’s prose and a young writer himself. He took our group of six visitors on a walk around the castle in glorious weather. We walked to five locations of scenes from the film in the following order: the slope where Charles Ryder (Jeremy Irons) pushes Sebastian in his wheel-chair down to the green; the alley leading up to the West Wing where in episode one Charles has a conversation with the young officer Hooper (Richard Hope) and says: ‘…I’ve been here before’; the front steps of the house Lord Marchmain (Laurence Olivier) is helped to climb up on his return to die at Brideshead; the roofed terrace where Charles and Sebastian (Anthony Andrews) sunbathe naked; finally we stopped at the fountain where Charles and Julia (Diana Quick) dramatically part in moonlight. The tour was intercepted by several very short, sensitively selected and nicely read by our guide excerpts from the Penguin Classics paperback publication of the novel.

‘Did Evelyn Waugh indicate Castle Howard as the actual place of his fictional book?’, asked one of the ladies in our group. The answer was: ‘No, he didn’t’.

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Penguin Classic Brideshead Gets New Cover

Penguin UK has reissued the Penguin Modern Classics paperback edition of Waugh’s Brideshead Revisited with a new cover. This is part of a redesign of this line of books adopted earlier this year:

In 2017, the [Penguin Modern Classics] series takes its most recent step forward. Jim Stoddart has given his own 2007 design a new livery: the back covers, spines, Penguin roundel and cover text have all turned a pale blue-green, a shade known as ‘eau-de-nil’, ‘water of the Nile’. This colour is a reference to the series’ original palette and its brief blue-green incarnation as Twentieth-Century Classics.

The colour ‘eau-de-nil’ emerged in the late 19th century, associated with fashionable décor, clothing and ladies’ toilettes. Over the last hundred years it has become more peppermint, and is widely used by ‘classic’ brands including Fortnum and Mason, Laura Ashley and Hunter wellingtons. It resembles ‘Cambridge blue’. This new combination of bold images and avant-garde font with a classic colour sums up the enduring yet radical spirit of the Modern Classics. To launch the new look, fifty titles have been selected to represent of the breadth and depth of the list. These are the first books to be given eau-de-nil covers, and more will follow over the coming months.

Brideshead was one of the first titles to appear in the makeover.

 

 

 

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Virginia’s Little Problem

An article on the anti-abortion website LifeSite News considers descriptions of abortions in literature and notes, not surprisingly, that most of them are rather down beat. This is written by Jonathan Van Maren and is entitled “There are no happy songs or literary works about the tragedy of abortion”. The first literary example cited is from Evelyn Waugh’s Unconditional Surrender:

When abortion does crop up in literature, it is often presented as the hurried solution to a problematic pregnancy in sheer panic. Evelyn Waugh, a conservative Catholic, presented one such situation with his trademark dry detachment in his World War II novel Unconditional Surrender, when his character Virginia Troy discovers that her rather wanton lifestyle has resulted in a child. “Dr. Puttock, you must do something about this,” she informs her physician. Dr. Puttock, understanding her, replies icily, “I don’t think I understand you.” Fortunately for the child, the address Puttock eventually gives her of a doctor who might be willing to perform such a surgery for a steep price turns out to have been leveled by German bombs, and Virginia ends up marrying instead.

Unfortunately, to prove his point Van Maren has been forced to edit out of the story Waugh’s humour even in dealing with such a somber subject. After finding the first abortionist’s office in Brook St, Mayfair, bombed (as described in the article), Virginia acquires the address of another from Kerstie Kilbannock’s charwoman. This turns out to be a Dr Akonanga, an African immigrant who lives at 14 Blight St, W1, just off the Edgeware Rd. When she finds his address in these less salubrious surroundings, it turns out he has temporarily discontinued his practice and has moved quarters to Brook Street, a few doors down from the first address she tried. Returning to that street, she finds a large house occupied by the military. She is directed to Dr Akonanga’s room and

…was greeted by a small, smiling, nattily dressed negro, not in his first youth; there was grey in his sparse little tangle of beard; he was wrinkled and simian and what would have been the whites of his eyes were the colour of … nicotine-stained fingers; from behind him came a faint air blended of spices and putrefaction. His smile revealed many gold capped teeth.

He mistakes her for the bearer of a shipment of scorpions he had ordered from Africa. This scheme went awry as explained a few pages later (p. 139). Virginia informs him in a roundabout way that she is seeking an abortion. He then explains:

“All that has changed. I am now in government service. General Whale would not like it if I resumed my private practice. Democracy is at stake…I am giving Herr von Ribbentrop the most terrible dreams.”

Thus ends Virginia’s search for an abortionist. After returning to the Kilbannock’s flat, she fell asleep:

She dreamed she was extended on a table, pinioned, headless and covered with blood-streaked feathers, while a voice within her, from the womb itself, kept singing “You, you, you.'”

The voice is Trimmer’s (the father of the unborn child) singing the Cole Porter song “Night and Day” (Unconditional Surrender, Book 2, Chapter iv, pp. 100-04).

The LifeSite article also oversimplifies how Virginia works out her problem. She remarries Guy Crouchback (who knows she is pregnant with another’s child), has the child who Guy claims as his own, and dies in an air raid while the child is being cared for in the country. Guy returns to marry the girl who had been taking care of the child. So, while the humour surrounding the abortion may be a little dark, Waugh, as usual, finds something to laugh about.

Other writers whose works are considered include Hemingway, Hardy, Eliot and Anne Sexton.

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Powell Lecture to be Given by Alexander Waugh

The annual lecture of the Anthony Powell Society will be given this December by Alexander Waugh at the Travellers Club in Pall Mall, London. Here’s a copy of the AP Society’s announcement:

Anthony Powell Lecture

Wavian Reactions to Anthony Powell

to be given by Alexander Waugh

Wednesday 6 December 2017, 1830 for 1900 hrs

The Travellers Club, 106 Pall Mall, London SW1

Tickets: £13 are available via the Society’s online shop, at www.anthonypowell.org or from the Hon. Secretary, 76 Ennismore Avenue, Greenford, UB6 0JW, UK
The ticket price includes a glass of wine before the lecture, from 1830 hrs

Travellers Club members should book through the Club

All orders will be acknowledged and tickets will be mailed out in early November

Alexander Waugh has worked as an opera critic and written books on classical music and opera as well as co-writing a musical (Bon Voyage!) with his brother Nathaniel.  His other publications include Fathers and Sons (2004), an inter-generational portrait of his own family, which formed the basis of a BBC4 documentary in 2005.  He is General Editor of his grandfather Evelyn Waugh’s Complete Works, a scholarly collaboration between the University of Leicester and Oxford University Press currently expected to run to 43 volumes.  In his talk he will trace the relationship of Anthony Powell with Evelyn Waugh, Waugh’s brother-in-law Alick Dru and Waugh’s heirs and assigns, particularly Auberon Waugh.

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New Novels with Wavian Undercurrents

Two new novels have been credited in reviews with having been influenced by the writings of Evelyn Waugh. In the Spectator, Elizabeth Day’s fourth novel The Party is described in a review by Helen Brown as beginning with the hero’s

Arriving at boarding school with the wrong shoes and a teddy bear in his suitcase… Elizabeth Day’s fourth novel is the latest in a long literary line of suburban lost boys sucked into the intoxicating orbit of a wealthy friend. Scott Fitzgerald, Evelyn Waugh, Patricia Highsmith, Ian McEwan, Alan Hollinghurst and Gillian Flynn have all done it before and we know the story never ends well. Day drops references to them all into her book, like olives into an increasingly dirty martini.

After describing the plot and comparing the narrative structure to Gillian Flynn’s Gone Girl, Brown’s review concludes:

…As readers, we’re as vulnerable as [Day’s characters] to the narcotic narcissism of the super-rich. It’s a guilty pleasure to sneak into Ben’s party, past the supermodels in their backless, sequinned gowns and the floating silver trays of ironic cocktails. We settle in, hoover up lines of Day’s wicked prose at an increasingly giddy pace and wait for the whole sickly scene to curdle into crime.

The i News reviews the latest novel by Anthony Quinn. This is what is described as the third novel in a 20th Century trilogy that began with Curtain Call. This latest novel is entitled Eureka and is takes place in the late 1960s milieu of “swinging London.” It relates to the making of a film in and of that period, and the text of the screenplay is woven into the narrative. As described by the i News reviewer (Simon O’Hagan):

…if the plot of Eureka is a little meandering, the human comedy more than makes up for it. There is something Evelyn Waugh-like about Eureka, not just in its depiction of the escapades that privilege can afford, but in the ease and seeming effortlessness of Quinn’s prose.

According to an interview of Quinn, this novel’s claim to be part of a trilogy is a bit tenuous. The three novels are linked by the appearance of a character named Freya in each of them. She appears briefly as a child in the 1920-30s of the first, is the heroine of the post-war second novel, entitled Freya, and has a supporting role as a journalist in this third one. In addition, the protagonist of this last novel, screenwriter Nat Fane, had a supporting role in Freya. Otherwise, the stories and characters are independent of each other.

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Alan Hollinghurst on Henry Green (and Evelyn Waugh)

Novelist Alan Hollinghurst has reviewed several of Henry Green’s novels (the first six, I believe) in New York Review of Books. This is in connection with the republication of Green’s books by the NYRB’s book subsidiary. In addition to the first six, two more will be released later this year (Nothing and Doting) leaving only Concluding and his autobiography Pack My Bag (which are being republished separately by New Directions) to complete the set.

Hollinghurst notes that Waugh and Green were friends at Oxford and that Waugh was an early booster of Green’s work with his review of Living (1929) in The Graphic. See earlier post. He compares Green’s work with his those of his Oxford friends Waugh and Anthony Powell, who would

make their names as novelists of raffishly upper-class life, their social experience broadened in their thirties by their experience in the army. Green was quite different, in part because of what he did next.

That was to work in his father’s factory after Oxford, eventually becoming managing director, and to serve in the Auxiliary Fire Service in London during the war.

Most of Hollinghurst’s review is devoted to Green’s three novels written during and about WWII: Caught, Loving and Back. These are not technically a trilogy because they have different characters and the plots are unconnected except by their settings (wartime England and Ireland). Most of his discussion of Caught relates to the new version in which it is printed for the first time. Green was required by his publisher to make several substantive changes in the original. Loving (1945) is contrasted with Waugh’s Brideshead Revisited; they were written about the same time and both stories are set in country houses. But Green’s novel is “downstairs-upstairs…the wealth of his interest lies with the servants.” Their world is threatened just as was that of the Flytes in Waugh’s novel but for different reasons. Waugh thought the book “obscene”, even though he earlier told Green that “I never tire of hearing you talk about women.” Hollinghurst refers to this and concludes the discussion of that book: “…a delicate mix of fondness and farce … quite unlike the heady nostalgia of Brideshead.” Back (1946) is about the return of an injured soldier. Waugh wrote Green a letter (14 November 1946) that is effectively a review of the book, also quoted by Hollinghurst. There were bits he liked and others he thought did not work. That is his last published letter to Green. Hollinghurst does not mention that, in his subsequent correspondence with others, Waugh described Green’s later books (e.g., Nothing) as evidence of Green’s decline into madness.

Hollinghurst concludes with a discussion of the writers whose work influenced Green, most prominently Ronald Firbank whose importance as an innovator is credited by Hollinghurst with having been discovered by Waugh in a 1929 essay–the same year Waugh wrote his review in praise of Living. Both Green and Firbank are now largely forgotten as modernist innovators and have also suffered from unavailability of their works. In Green’s case, Hollinghurst believes this neglect will be overcome by the NYRB’s republication of his books.

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Leigh Fermor Novel Reprinted

New York Review Books has republished the only novel of Patrick Leigh Fermor. This was originally published in 1953 and was entitled The Violins of Saint Jacques. It is about a fictional Caribbean island where a volcano erupts and disrupts the melodramatic plot of a family feud and potential duel. It is dedicated to Waugh’s close friend Diana Cooper. This dedication is mentioned in the recent TLS review by Roderick Beaton:

…as a reminder that the Fermor’s world was not so distant from that of Evelyn Waugh–the Waugh of Black Mischief crossed with the Waugh of Helena. There is more than a hint of mischief, and indeed humour, about Paddy’s nostalgia for a lost world and its ethereal afterglow that lives on in the violins of the title.

Waugh did not review this book, although he did review its predecessor A Time to Keep Silence published earlier that year and also reprinted by NYRB. Diana Cooper found it pretentious and and asked for Waugh’s opinion (MWMS, p. 163). He said much the same thing but more politely in his Time and Tide review. The TLS reviewer also detects some pretension in Violins, noting examples of “lush” language–  “(‘orgulous’ and ‘impavid’ appear in the same sentence, both redundant).” Thanks to Peggy Troupin for a copy of the review.

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Another Waugh Writer

Another member of the Waugh family has turned to writing. This is Nathaniel Waugh, Evelyn’s grandson and second son of Auberon. According to a 2003 story in the Guardian by Alexander Chancellor, Nathaniel had recently moved to France from Shepherd’s Bush with his family to set up as a shopkeeper in a small town north of Bordeaux:

Nat’s shop, although proudly English, is in this great French tradition. It is bang in the middle of the town’s medieval quarter, only a few yards from the Arcus Germanicus, a perfectly preserved triumphal arch dating from the town’s most glorious period as a provincial capital of the Roman Empire. For what it costs to buy a wretched flat in Hammersmith, Nat is now the owner of a fine, spacious medieval stone building surrounding a courtyard entered from the main street by a broad arch, above which sways a shop sign displaying representations of two quintessentially English products – a pot of Marmite and a bottle of Worcestershire sauce – and the name of the shop, La Perfide Albion.

Nathaniel has now returned to England after 15 years and has written about his experiences in France in The Oldie. In his recent article (“Mon dieu, where is your dignity?”) he explains why the British are so often misunderstood when they travel in France:

…I now find myself marvelling at the exoticism of the English on my return to my native West Country. How is it that the mores and codes found throughout continental Europe appear to have eluded the British? It used to break my heart to see well-meaning British holidaymakers causing offence at every turn, through simple ignorance of the French attachment to form.

Even such mundane matters as how the British dress on holiday and how they walk and talk in public give offence to the French. The full article is available to read on the internet. Nathaniel previously collaborated with his brother Alexander in the script for a musical play Bon Voyage!.

UPDATE (28 November 2017): Dave Lull has kindly sent a link to another article from The Oldie by Nathaniel Waugh describing his life in France (“My life selling Marmite to the French is over”). This is dated 1 May 2017 and has been reprinted in Press Reader where it may now be read.

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Alec Waugh Remembered

The current issue of The Oldie has a memoir by Alexander Waugh of his Uncle Alec. He was known in the family as “Uncle Sex” and the memoir is written on the 100th anniversary of the publication of his novel Loom of Youth which discussed homosexuality among public schoolboys. In 19i7 this was quite scandalous. He was rarely a visitor at the Waugh home in Somerset, and Alexander learned of his death in 1983 from a friend in Taunton who heard about it on the radio. An excerpt is available on the internet but a subscription is required to read the full article.

The previous issue of The Oldie made an allusion to Evelyn Waugh on its cover, referring to an article by Rachel Johnson (sister of Boris) as “Love Among the Ruins”, the title of Waugh’s 1953 dystopian novella. In the article (entitled “Alms and the woman”), Johnson imagines future life in an almshouse and opens with a reference to Waugh’s novel Brideshead Revisited (“If you were driving up the Clerkenwell Road, you will have passed it: London’s version of the ‘low door in the wall that opened on an enclosed and enchanted garden’, that so enraptured the young Charles Ryder when he popped along to Brideshead.”) Thanks to Milena Borden for letting us know about this.

UPDATE (18 August 2017): Alexander Waugh’s Oldie article seems to be the source of an item in the Daily Mail’s gossip column by Ephraim Hardcastle. This relates to Evelyn Waugh’s 1957 libel suit against the rival Daily Express:

Under oath Alec gamely conceded that Evelyn was the much greater novelist. Evelyn got £5,000 in damages–£50,000 now. Recalls Alexander: ‘Alec, wearing a foulard scarf and a stripy blazer, left the court before the verdict was announced, cheerfully returning to his busy sex-life in Tangier.’

Since the reported incident occurred several years before Alexander’s birth, he must be recalling some one else’s recollection, not his own.

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