Waugh and Post-Christmas Nostalgia

On a website called Blog of a Country Priest, Fr. John Corrigan of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ballarat in Australia recalls a passage from Brideshead Revisited as he takes down the Christmas tree in his parish church:

He took out the altar stone and put it in his bag; then he burned the wads of wool with the holy oil on them and threw the ash outside; he emptied the holy water stoup and blew out the lamp in the sanctuary and left the tabernacle open and empty, as though from now on it was always to be Good Friday. I suppose none of this makes any sense to you, Charles, poor agnostic. I stayed there till he was gone, and then, suddenly, there wasn’t any chapel there any more, just an oddly decorated room.

Fr. Corrigan rather sadly muses: “Suddenly it wasn’t Christmas anymore; just a dead tree.” The quote from Brideshead is where Cordelia Flyte explains to Charles Ryder that the chapel at Brideshead Castle has been decommissioned following her mother’s death (Penguin, pp. 211-12). A more upbeat conclusion might be offered. In the novel the chapel is restored to its religious function during the war thanks to the “blitzed R.C. padre whom Lady Julia gave a home to.” The chapel is made available to the troops, a “surprising lot” of whom use it (Penguin, p. 326). And no doubt there will be a new Christmas tree in the parish church next year.

 

 

Share
Posted in Brideshead Revisited, Catholicism | Tagged | Comments Off on Waugh and Post-Christmas Nostalgia

Floreat Bullingdon

The Daily Beast has published an article by Nick Mutch reviewing the history of Oxford’s Bullingdon Club. The private and secretive club has been much in the news lately because of the membership of three leading Conservative Party politicians: David Cameron, George Osborne and Boris Johnson. Waugh’s writings are once again prominently cited in connection with the club:

On the wall of the [Oxford] tailor Ede and Ravenscroft is a blurred photo of the club from 1925. It features members including Lord Longford, Labour leader of the House of Lords, Hugh Lucas-Tooth, then the youngest ever MP at 21, and Roger Lumley, the Grandmaster of the British Freemasons. It was these men who Evelyn Waugh satirized in Decline and Fall as the “Bollinger Club.” He called them “epileptic royalty from their villas of exile; uncouth peers from crumbling country seats; smooth young men of uncertain tastes from embassies and legations; illiterate lairds from wet granite hovels in the Highlands.”

The quote is from the opening scene of Waugh’s novel. Oddly, the Beast omits another source of the membership listed in Waugh’s catalogue: ambitious young barristers and Conservative candidates torn from the London season and the indelicate advances of debutantes. That would seem to fit nicely into the story’s theme.

The club (unnamed in this instance) is also cited from the Oxford passages of Waugh’s later novel, Brideshead Revisited:

…Anthony Blanche is disappointed on meeting the club in person and realizing that their reputation is more braggadocio than bravery. “The louder they shouted, the shyer they seemed,” he said. He soon realized that their scrapes as students would be boasted about and exaggerated for decades until “they are all married to scraggy little women like hens and have cretinous porcine sons like themselves getting drunk at the same club dinner in the same coloured coats.”…Harking back to overblown accounts “their barnyard daughters will snigger and think their father was quite a dog in his day, and what a pity he’s grown so dull.”

The quote in this instance is from the scene (pp. 43-45) where Blanche entertains Charles Ryder in the pub at Thame. It provides the conclusion to the Beast’s article.

Share
Posted in Academia, Brideshead Revisited, Decline and Fall, Oxford | Tagged , , | Comments Off on Floreat Bullingdon

Waugh’s Agony Aunt

On the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the “Dear Abby” newspaper column, the Daily Telegraph has compiled a list of the most notable agony aunts in literature, TV and film. Waugh qualifies for a character from The Loved One:

GURU BRAHMIN (MR SLUMP)

In Evelyn Waugh’s 1948 satire The Loved One, AimĂ©e Thanatogenos, who works at Whispering Glades cemetery, thinks she is in love with the senior mortician, Mr Joyboy. AimĂ©e often appeals for advice to the Guru Brahmin. In reality, the Guru (described as “the Oracle” is Mr Slump, a chain-smoking local paper journalist and a grim drunk who offers vicious advice (to drink poison) when “more drunk than usual”. Usually, he holds the phone away from his ear while readers ring in with their questions.

Another literary agony aunt cited is “Miss Lonelyhearts” from Nathaniel West’s 1933 novel of the same name. The Telegraph also includes in its internet edition of the article a link to singer-songwriter John Prine performing his song “Dear Abby” on a 1973 broadcast of the BBC’s The Old Grey Whistle Test.

Share
Posted in Newspapers, The Loved One | Tagged , , | Comments Off on Waugh’s Agony Aunt

The Death of the Gentleman and Brideshead Unvisited

The latest issue of  the St. Austin Review entitled “Evelyn Waugh Revisited” has now been published. See earlier post. An online announcement includes a full table of contents as well as the complete copy of an article by Frank Brownlow entitled “Waugh Mistaken and Brideshead Unvisited.”

In his article Brownlow, Professor Emeritus at Mount Holyoke College, starts by describing what he deems to be the death of the “gentleman,” which was foreseen by Waugh in his writings:

Things changed for everyone circa 1965, when overnight the likes of John Lennon and Mick Jagger became the role models for the young men whom people had formerly expected to grow up into some variety of gentlemanliness. Shortly afterwards, the women began to deprive gentlemen of their habitat by attending their schools and colleges and joining their clubs.

The generations coming of age since the gentleman’s demise have been bereft of the positive effects the concept had on their forebears. As an example of the damage this has done to the new generation of the “gentlemen-less,” Brownlow cites Christine Berberich’s The Image of the English Gentleman in Twentieth-Century Literature. He then deconstructs her interpretation of Waugh’s Decline and Fall and Brideshead Revisited:

…she is not only ignorant of what a gentleman is supposed to be, but she hasn’t the least inkling of what Evelyn Waugh intended his fictions to express. She and her fellow dons are all—in theory if not quite in practice—egalitarians. They look out upon the world, and they see no essential distinctions of status anywhere. The hierarchical principle—universally accepted until about seventy years ago—on which Evelyn Waugh based his whole view of the world makes no sense to them.

Finally, after approaching Brideshead Revisited with an appropriate “gentlemanly” understanding, Brownlow concludes:

Brideshead is not about snobbery and social ambition. It is about a whole false attitude to life swept away in a moment because a dying man makes the sign of the cross… [Charles Ryder] can be selfish, unfeeling, and cruel, and even Julia has to tell him not to talk “in that damned bounderish way”. What makes him tolerable, even admirable as a narrator, is that he tells his story in the light of his later conversion, and tells it honestly…

Individual copies of the journal are available as explained in the earlier post.

Share
Posted in Academia, Brideshead Revisited, Decline and Fall | Tagged , , , | Comments Off on The Death of the Gentleman and Brideshead Unvisited

U and Non-U Updated

In a posting on the academic weblog The Conversation, Professor of English Language and Literature at Oxford, Simon Horobin, has updated Nancy Mitford’s 1955 essay on class distinctions of usage in English speech and manners. Waugh’s contribution to the public debate that followed her essay’s publication is among those cited. He had warned that English usage was fluid among classes and was subject to constant adjustment. According to Horobin:

In his contribution to Noblesse Oblige, Evelyn Waugh observed that while most people have fixed ideas about proper usage, which they use to identify those who are NLO (“not like one”), these are often based on little more than personal prejudices and an innate sense of one’s own superiority. The cartoonist Osbert Lancaster, who supplied drawings for Noblesse Oblige, satirised this view through his creation Lady Littlehampton, who confidently pronounced: “If it’s Me, it’s U”.

Noblesse Oblige is the collection of essays on this topic published in 1956 in which there appeared, inter alia, both Mitford’s essay and Waugh’s cautionary rejoinder. Waugh’s essay (entitled “An Open Letter to the Hon. Mrs. Peter Rodd on a Very Serious Subject”) had first appeared in Encounter magazine for December 1955. An expanded and revised version was published in Mitford’s 1956 collection and is also included in Essays, Articles and Reviews; the portion cited by Prof. Horobin appears at pp. 499-500.

NOTE (13 January 2016): This article later appeared in the New Statesman on 12 January 2016.

Share
Posted in Academia, Essays, Articles & Reviews, Oxford | Tagged , , , , | Comments Off on U and Non-U Updated

Mrs. Luce’s Dinner Party

The Spectator’s gossip columnist Taki Theodoracopulos recalls descriptions of a dinner party given by Waugh for Clare Boothe Luce. The column (“On the consolations of old age”) appears in the latest issue of a publication entitled Spectator Life which is available online and separate from the regular magazine:

I was reading about a dinner party Waugh gave for Clare Luce in November 1949 at the Hyde Park Hotel. He later wrote to Nancy Mitford complaining how much money the dinner had cost him, and how Clare — in my not so humble opinion the greatest woman of the 20th century — had failed to write a thank-you note.

Waugh was a hell of a writer but a pretty piss-poor human being. He was petty, a closeted tortured gay with seven children. And from what I’ve read, he was always down on his fellow man and on life in general. Pretty depressing stuff. Why give a dinner and then complain that it cost too much?

Waugh probably gave the party to thank Mrs. Luce for the extensive hospitality she has shown Waugh and his wife during their U.S. tours in 1948-49. The letter (dated 5 December 1949) to Nancy Mitford is reproduced in Letters of Nancy Mitford and Evelyn Waugh, pp. 158-59. Amends were apparently made between the Waughs and Mrs. Luce because she hosted them again on their short trip to the USA in October 1950. On that occasion, Laura Waugh wrote her a kind thank you letter (or “Collins” as Waugh would call it) which is archived in the Clare Boothe Luce Papers at the Library of Congress. Perhaps Waugh delegated the “Collins” to his wife due to lingering  froideur from the thankless dinner he had hosted in London the previous year.

Share
Posted in Letters | Tagged , , | Comments Off on Mrs. Luce’s Dinner Party

Quarreling with Waugh

In an interview posted earlier today by ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) Clive James is asked by Mark Colvin for more insight into his recent rereading of Waugh’s Sword of Honour:

I’m always re-reading it. Always quarreling with him. But you always quarrel with Waugh because he makes Brideshead so seductive. You know that it’s a whole pile of reactionary romanticism and you hate yourself for being drawn into it, but these sandstone castles on the sweeping lawns – he had a way of putting that you want to just move into it. And I love his prose. I would have hated him very much and he wanted to be hated. He was a pig of a man, really, since he was greatly gifted.

Waugh comes up again when James is discussing Edward St. Aubyn whose Patrick Melrose series he is currently reading: “…he can do the social stuff better even than Evelyn Waugh and Anthony Powell could because Edward St Aubyn really is social. He had the background that those guys wanted.” And then again, when asked about critic John Carey:

He’s a great scholar, of course… But he has a social position and he does think that that whole era of people like Evelyn Waugh and Osbert Lancaster and Betjeman was simply overprivileged and far too servile towards the upper class, wanted to be part of the upper class. And he thought that that took art away from the people and he’s very keen – Carey is very keen that the people should be in possession of art. On the other hand, given all that and given his quite fierce stance on this, he is – he is capable of seeing that Evelyn Waugh’s little book Decline and Fall is one of the great achievements of the 20th Century and so – so that’s what I like about Carey. He can actually – he doesn’t let his prejudices warp his judgement.

An audio version of the interview is also available. Click the start arrow in the box on the left below the title of the program: “Summer Series: Clive James, in the face of death.”

Share
Posted in Brideshead Revisited, Decline and Fall, Interviews, Radio Programs, Sword of Honour | Tagged , , , , | Comments Off on Quarreling with Waugh

English Men of Letters

Critic and novelist D.J. Taylor’s new study The Prose Factory: Literary Life in England since 1918 is being reviewed in advance of its January 7th U.K. publication date. The book is primarily devoted to those who made their livings as men (or women) of letters in the 20th Century. Although that is a career which has been under threat, it does seem to survive, perhaps most noticeably in the person of Mr. Taylor himself who makes multiple appearances in print or broadcast media every month and publishes multiple works of fiction and non-fiction every year. So far as your correspondent knows, Taylor doesn’t have a day job.

Although the book’s contents and index are not yet available on the internet, the front cover itself names 20 some English writers active in the period since WWI. These include both those specializing in criticism such as F.R. Leavis, J.C. Squires, Cyril Connolly and William Empson and those active both as both novelists or poets and critics such as Waugh’s contemporaries Anthony Powell, T.S. Eliot, George Orwell and Virginia Woolf. Conspicuous by his absence is Evelyn Waugh who would seem to qualify as a man of letters. He wrote regularly in several genres including fiction, travel, biography and criticism and from an early age lived off his writings exclusively. Perhaps making his absence from the cover list even more poignant is the inclusion of his brother, Alec Waugh. Taylor has previously made allusions to Alec’s largely forgotten work.

According to one review already published, Waugh does at least get mentioned. This is from Saturday’s edition of the Times:

Every bit as interesting as the big themes are the vagaries of literary fame and fortune. Just after the First World War, Arnold Bennett, a novelist barely read now, was making the equivalent of 1 million pounds a year from his books and journalism. By 1930, the publication of Vile Bodies had made Evelyn Waugh an established society figure, a role he relished. As he noted in his diary, “after dinner I went to the Savoy Theatre and said, ‘I am Evelyn Waugh, please give me a seat.’ So they did.”

Although internet access to the Times requires a subscription, an excerpt from the review was helpfully posted on Twitter by a Waugh enthusiast. The quote is from Waugh’s Diaries for 26 May 1930 (p. 211).

NOTICE (12 January 2016): See later post.

Share
Posted in Alec Waugh, Diaries, Vile Bodies | Tagged , | Comments Off on English Men of Letters

Brideshead Castle vs. Downton Abbey

Today’s Op-Ed pages in the New York Times carry a story (“The Stately Gift Shops of England”) about the English country house. This is by novelist Charles Lambert who credits this institution’s survival to the heritage industry and its primary advocate, the National Trust. Lambert also offers a comparison of two fictional country houses that achieved popularity on TV:

With due respect to the artistic abyss between the two, Mr. Fellowes’s classy period soap [Downton Abbey] reminds me of “Brideshead Revisited.” Evelyn Waugh’s stand-in narrator, Charles Ryder, is as dazzled by the aristocracy as Mr. Fellowes seems to be, as reluctant to admit that the kind of social stratification the house represents might not actually be worth preserving. Waugh’s famous regret, that “Brideshead” was “infused with a kind of gluttony,” is partial recognition of his own bulimic nostalgia. “Downton,” though, pretends egalitarianism isn’t even a threat, just as long as holes are punched in the box of class privilege to let in a little air…I don’t know what Waugh thought of the National Trust, although I can imagine him wrinkling his nose at the tea towels and fridge magnets and “homemade” marmalade that fill the gift shops annexed to most large houses…

Waugh’s quoted comments on his novel are contained in his preface to the 1960 revised edition. No one seems to have remarked on how these two country houses are mirror images of each other, in at least one respect. Brideshead is set in the South (Wiltshire) yet was filmed in the North at Castle Howard (Yorkshire). Downton on the other hand is set in the North (between Ripon and York) yet was filmed in the South at Highclere Castle (on the Berkshire-Hampshire border). In both cases, however, the house succeeds brilliantly in establishing itself as part of the story. Neither belongs to the National Trust and both are occupied by long-established families, although both have gift shops and are open to the public. Indeed, the occupants of Highclere are part of the Herbert family into which Laura Waugh was born. The family’s Italian villa near Portofino (where Waugh met Laura Herbert for the first time) was called Altachiara, which is roughly the Italian equivalent of Highclere.

Share
Posted in Adaptations, Brideshead Revisited, Television, Television Programs, Waugh Family | Tagged , , , , | Comments Off on Brideshead Castle vs. Downton Abbey

Sebastian’s New Year’s Resolution

The book publisher Quirk Books has posted a list of New Year’s resolutions recommended for adoption by literary characters. Here’s the one for Sebastian Flyte from Brideshead Revisited:

We love a good teddy bear as much as the next person, but we definitely recommend you ditch Aloysius. While we enjoy your talking to and for him, we think it gets a little creepy past elementary school age. It most certainly is not helping your game now that you are in university.

Similar advice is suggested for the heroine of Tennessee Williams’ The Glass Menagerie who is told to lose the glass figurines, especially the unicorn. Becky Sharp from Thackeray’s Vanity Fair is advised:  “You have an awesome voice; we think you should make a pop album. That is the way to win money and friends. It worked for Taylor Swift, so it should definitely work for you.” And George Wickham from Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice is told: “It is bad enough that you break hearts, but leave sibling relationships well enough alone. Also, it is time to drop that gambling thing. Just settle down and become a nice family man. Who has a very good financial advisor.” The recommended resolutions are written by Sarah Fox.

Brideshead Revisited scores another mention in yesterday’s Daily Mail. Celebrity interviewee, ITV sports presenter Adrian Chiles, is asked what book holds for him an everlasting interest and answers:

Evelyn Waugh’s Brideshead Revisited. I read it before I became Catholic in 2007 but even then it fascinated me because all the key figures in a British Catholic’s life are there: the devotee, the atheist, the mad priest and the penitent.

Chiles is presenting a program tomorrow (Sunday, 3 January) on BBC2 entitled My Mediterranean. He is half Croatian and may mention in that context Waugh’s WWII connections with that country from Unconditional Surrender.

Share
Posted in Brideshead Revisited, Humo(u)r, Unconditional Surrender/The End of the Battle | Tagged , , , , | Comments Off on Sebastian’s New Year’s Resolution