BBC 1967 Adaptation of “Sword of Honour” Now Available

There is an announcement on YouTube of the availability for home viewing of the three 90-minute episodes of the BBC’s 1967 Theatre 625 adaptation of Waugh’s war trilogy Sword of Honour. The adaptation was written by Giles Cooper and directed by Donald McWhinnie who met with Waugh about the project shortly before Waugh’s death. See previous post.

There is a brief clip from part two on the YouTube post.  Here’s the link. The supplier is Roberts (Hard to Find) Video. E-mail and North American telephone contacts are posted on YouTube. Callers from outside North America should use the Canadian number 306-955-3763; the country code for Canada is 613. Here’s a link to the website. Digital downloads of each episode are available from the Canadian supplier who hopes to be able to offer DVDs and VHS tapes once regular international mail services have been restored in Canada. Although these are substantial downloads and take considerable computer space, the downloading, which took abut 5 minutes for each episode, was fairly straightforward in the format used.

I have watched the three episodes and can confirm that the picture and sound quality are good. Part one (“Men at War”) covers the story in that volume of the trilogy. Much of Waugh’s dialogue is taken straight off the page, and little of the story has been changed (although there may be bits that have been dropped). The character of Apthorpe, played by veteran actor Ronald Fraser, carries much of the comedy and a good deal of the plot for this episode. This is even more noticeable in the TV film than it is in the novel. Ritchie-Hook as played by Paul Hardwick is a bit more OTT but so is he in the novel. One small complaint is how they handled the severed head from the West African landing party. Rather than suggest its existence and show a sack which might contain it, special effects made up a plaster model of a black man’s head, with bulging eyes and shiny teeth. It looks as if it had already been shrunken to Ritchie-Hook’s specifications. Those scenes would not play well on today’s TV.

The second part (“Officers and Gentlemen”) is a bit more difficult to follow and even having read the book several times, there are moments where I found it difficult to keep up. The sound quality deteriorates when too many actors are talking or they are too far from the microphones. There are no subtitles, but they would be of little use unless produced from the script rather than the soundtrack. But they do manage to get in most of the story. In particular, the story of Trimmer’s “heroism” is fully displayed, although at some points a bit of the humor is lost because it is moving so fast. The actor playing Trimmer (Tim Preece) should have been funnier than he was. His accent seemed a bit off and he should probably have had more than one which he could change to fit his audience. But whether his relative dullness was his fault or the screenwriter’s I could not say. Ian Kilbannock (played by James Villers) comes across as the source of much of the comedy, with his ironic pronouncements on whatever he happens to be describing.

Part three (“Unconditional Surrender”) is probably the best of the lot. The story is simpler and more linear and there are fewer characters to deal with, most of whom will by now be familiar. The humor in this part is supplied mostly by Ludovic, played brilliantly and just as written by Waugh. The actor is Freddie Jones who later became quite well known for playing comic parts. Uncle Peregrine (Basil Dignan) is also played just as written by Waugh. Some funny bits are omitted such as the witch doctor hired by Army intelligence but most of the story is preserved. The ending conforms to the changes made in the second and later printings to limit Guy and his new wife to one child (Gervase, fathered by Trimmer and Guy’s wife Virginia). The story of the Jewish refugees is somewhat truncated; at least, I do not recall hearing about the arrests of the Kanyis and the transfer of the others to Italy. Guy Crouchback and his wife Virginia are played by Edward Woodward and Vivien Pickles to their expected high standards.

So far as I am aware, BBC has not rebroadcast this series since the 1960s nor was it ever released on DVD or videotape. It has been available on a limited basis in the UK through the BFI, but this requires a visit (perhaps multiple visits) to their London “Mediatheque” on the South Bank.  It was sometimes available in other cities at libraries or theaters for on-site viewing, but that no longer seems to be the case.

The 2001 two-episode (193 minute) adaptation by William Boyd and starring Daniel Craig as Guy Crouchback, can be seen currently on UK Channel 4’s free streaming service. This will require a UK internet connection. DVD copies of the C4 adaptation are also widely available. It necessarily leaves out more of the story but is on the whole quite satisfactory.

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Jubilee Roundup

–An American edition of Paula Byrne’s biography of novelist Barbara Pym is being published next week. This is entitled The Adventures of Miss Barbara Pym and was issued last year in the UK by William Collins, which is also publishing the US edition. See previous post. It has been reviewed thus far in the New Yorker (Thomas Mallon), New York Times (Matthew Schneier)  and the Wall Street Journal (Katherine Powers, daughter of Waugh’s friend and novelist, J F Powers). Byrne is, of course, well known to Waugh Society members for her biography Mad World and her presentations at Waugh conferences at Downside and Leicester.

–Barbara Pym also is featured in other book news this week. In the Wall Street Journal, novelist and critic Alexander McCall Smith chooses her Excellent Women as one of his “Best Five: Books on Inconspicuous Lives”. His second choice is Evelyn Waugh’s 1952 novel Men at Arms, the first volume of his war trilogy Sword of Honour. The Times newspaper has also produced a “Jubilee books special” in which it asked its critics to pick their favorite novels published by British and Commonwealth writers during the past 70 years. That list included 50 novels and was headed by Pym’s Excellent Women but contained no novel by Evelyn Waugh, even though all three of the war trilogy novels plus Gilbert Pinfold (considered by Anthony Powell, inter alia, his best novel) fall within the designated period. None of Powell’s Dance to the Music of Time novels was selected either.

–The Evening Standard has posted an article reviewing a well-established Mayfair  restaurant with a connection to both The Queen and Evelyn Waugh:

Tucked away on Bruton Place is where you’ll find Bellamy’s, Her Maj’s most visited restaurant, where she has donned her finest co-ords and dined for events including her own 80th birthday and, most recently, an intimate supper with Princess Anne and cousin Princess Alexandra in 2016. Named after the gentlemen’s club in Evelyn Waugh’s Sword of Honour books, its doors were opened in 2004 by long-standing proprietor and master of discretion, Gavin Rankin. Since then, the appearance of the 65-seat French brasserie has barely changed.

–Two journals have reposted articles from their archives relating to or written by Evelyn Waugh. The Atlantic Monthly’s latest repost is a review by Waugh from its January 1949 issue. Here are the introductory paragraphs:

In a stable society, such as nowadays exists nowhere in the world, people live and die in the place and condition of their birth, and social custom is inculcated by precept and example from earliest childhood until it seems to be instinctive. Each nation, religion, class, and trade has its own traditional etiquette — the label frankly proclaiming a man’s social status. Such a society has no need for written manuals of etiquette. They are needed by restless and rootless people who have to adapt themselves to strange ways — in fact by most people today.

Mrs. Millicent Fenwick, in Vogue’s Book of Etiquette (Simon and Schuster, $5.00), has accomplished a clever feat of editorship. The large volume is clearly arranged, illustrated and cross-referenced. She has, moreover, achieved something unique in the literature of etiquette. She has written a book that is not funny. I mean it is not “funny-ha-ha”; it is “funny-peculiar in many respects, as when (p. 42) she states that debutantes with wise parents are “allowed not to drink ; but she nowhere provokes the deep laughter for which we treasured her predecessors’ works. Such lapidary ordinances as: “If you break a glass, apologize, but do not offer to pay and Never touch the fruit; a practiced eye should easily discern the best on the dish, have no place in this studious work. Moreover she professes a different motive from her predecessors’. Their task was frankly to instruct people of low origins in the social habits of their superiors. Not so Mrs. Fenwick, who claims that “the new standards of behavior are based on what, millions of people have accepted as right and wrong. Etiquette is a forum of citizens open to anyone who cares about the amenities of living.”

The review is entitled “The Amenities in America” and is not collected in either EAR or A Little Order.

The New Republic reposts the 1995 review by novelist John Banville of Selina Hastings’ biography of Waugh. It is mostly an essay by Banville about Waugh’s life and work but there is also this:

How to explain the continuing fascination that Waugh holds for us, as a man and a writer? Martin Stannard’s recent two-volume biography, a superb work written in a clean, vigorous style befitting its subject, seemed the last word, but now here is Selina Hastings’s hefty Life. Has she unearthed new material on Waugh, or found new things to say about him and his world? The answer is: not really. All the same her book is a valuable and fascinating biography, not displacing Stannard’s but complementing it. Hastings has drawn a remarkable portrait of a remarkable figure.

UPDATE (8 June 2022): A link to the New York Times review of The Adventures of Miss Barbara Pym was added.

 

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Waugh, the Stirling Brothers and the SAS

The Daily Mail has posted an article from the Mail on Sunday  by Gavin Mortimer about his new book The Phoney Major: The Life, Times and Truth about the Founder of the SAS. This is about David Stirling, a WWII “hero” from the North Africa campaign widely credited with the creation and leadership of a formation known as the Special Air Service (SAS). As recounted by Mortimer, it was David’s brother Bill Stirling and a former Irish rugby player, Blair “Paddy” Mayne, who were actually responsible for the establishment and leadership of the SAS. David Stirling’s “contribution” consisted in the command of smaller subunits which engaged in several hare-brained but well-publicized schemes that, according to Mortimer, contributed nothing of military value and were largely a waste of manpower and equipment. They did, however, attract publicity as David chatted them up to the Cairo press corps.

As explained by Mortimer, the SAS was in one sense an answer to Churchill’s need for a British propaganda counterpart to the success of Rommel’s Afrika Korps which had reversed the early British victories in North Africa. It was formed out of the Commando units in which Waugh was serving. According to Mortimer, it:

… was set up at the Commando Special Training Centre at Inverailort House in the remote north of Scotland, and among the first recruits – thanks to Bill’s intervention, and to the relief of the Scots Guards – was [David] Stirling.

Bill quickly discovered what the Guards had known for several months: David Stirling was indolent and temperamental, a disruptive influence. Now it was Bill’s turn to look for a way to offload his wastrel sibling. The man who would, indirectly, prove his salvation was Winston Churchill.

In June 1940, the Prime Minister sent a memorandum to his chiefs of staff instructing them to establish Britain’s first special forces – the Commandos. That November, Stirling was posted to the No 8 Commando unit, alongside author Evelyn Waugh, which was despatched to North Africa under the codename Layforce.

It is not clear from this whether the Stirling brother posted with Waugh to No 8 Commando unit was Bill or David but context and a later reference suggests the latter. David was an instructor in the Commando unit to which Waugh was assigned for training and is mentioned in Waugh’s letters home as a congenial companion on the voyage out to Africa.  In early 1943, David was captured by the Germans on one of his poorly planned SAS missions in North Africa and remained in captivity for the remainder of the war (except when he was unsuccessfully attempting to escape).  The following reference to Waugh appears at the end of the article, but is misleading as to Waugh’s associations with the two Stirlings:

The SAS had played a small but significant role in the successful invasion of France in 1944, earning praise from Allied supreme commander General Eisenhower for their guerrilla campaign against the Nazis.

[David] Stirling, meanwhile, was increasingly living in a fantasy world. He was a habitue of London’s most exclusive casinos, clubs and restaurants, drinking champagne with Evelyn Waugh – the ‘Giant Sloth’ of the early war years. [The sloth was David’s military colleagues nickname for him, not Waugh.]

Only when Mayne died in 1955 did [David] Stirling finally write his memoir, The Phantom Major, a Hollywood fantasy in which the truth was sacrificed for titillation. He even added an inch and a half to his height, which meant he surpassed Bill’s 6ft 5in. Such minor details mattered to him.

In 2002, 12 years after [David] Stirling’s death, a statue was unveiled near the family plot at Keir. It is right that one of the Stirling boys should have been honoured, but they got the wrong one. Bill Stirling was the intellectual force behind the SAS and Paddy Mayne the physical force. David Stirling was merely its salesman.

These references to Waugh are irrelevant to the story in the Mail and are unhelpful to Waugh’s own war record which doesn’t need any more negative associations. Waugh was, in fact, a friend of both Stirling brothers. The descriptions of his associations with the Stirling brothers in Waugh’s war diaries and biographies, however, relate almost exclusively to Bill Stirling.  He ended up as Waugh’s commanding officer after Bob Laycock’s Commando unit left for Italy without him in 1943. It was under Bill Stirling’s command that Waugh did his parachute training in late 1943. He actually spent some time as a guest in Bill Stirling’s home in Perthshire, and Bill was one of his daughter Hetty’s godparents in May 1944.  Bill Stirling may have been involved in the approval of Waugh’s leave to write Brideshead Revisited, although he did not sign the order (Diaries 565-66). Waugh seems to have been in occasional contact with David Stirling after the war and he is mentioned briefly in two letters.  But Waugh was certainly never as close to David as he was to Bill. The Stirling brothers were, in turn, cousins of Waugh’s nemesis Shimi Lovat, but there seems to have been little love lost between them and Shimi.

It may well be the case that the references to Waugh’s relations with the Stirling brothers are clearer in the context of the book than they are in what were probably  extracts used for the Mail on Sunday article. Hopefully, that will prove to be the case.  The book was published last week in the UK, and an American edition will be issued in August.

An interview of Gavin Mortimer also appears in the Perthshire paper The Courier. This clarifies that “Great Sloth” was the epithet applied to David Stirling by his fellow soldiers in the Scots Guards before his brother engineered his transfer to the Commandos.


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Waugh and the Coronation at Piers Court

This week, Britain is celebrating the 70th anniversary of the Queen’s reign, which began on 6 February 1952, and was consummated with the Coronation on 1 June 1953. The Platinum Jubilee itself will extend from tomorrow, 2 June to Sunday, 5 June.

The Waugh family also marked the occasion, most pointedly on Coronation Day itself. Waugh comments in his diaries and letters that his daughters arrived from school on 30 May with several friends whose parents were resident in Africa. The “sterner” Downside School regime apparently released its students later. On Sunday 31st May, Waugh received complaints about lack of decorations at Piers Court, and the next day, he writes that he caused to have erected a “triumphal arch with our curved lion on the top,” apparently at the gate to the estate. That same day, he entertained the “Dursley Dramatic Society and some of the village. The Silver Band played and got very drunk. The children, both ours, Donaldsons and Annabel behaved admirably.”  On Coronation Day itself (Tuesday, 2nd June) he attended Mass. “Then great upheaval providing fancy dresses and decorating the marc and cart. Cold and windy but no rain. Sports. After dinner older children with Donaldsons looking at bonfires.” (Diaries, 720-21)

On Wednesday, 4 June, Susan Mary [Alsop] arrived. The Waughs had met her in France where her husband was an American diplomat. She was a friend of both Nancy Mitford and Diana Cooper, as well as a fairly long term mistress of Duff Cooper with whom she had a child. She had taken up Waugh’s invitation to visit Piers Court, and stopped there after attending the coronation. Waugh told Nancy that he expected that the visit will be “nice for us” and next day (after a “gala dinner” chez Waugh) he escorted her to Gloucester Cathedral, Stanway and Stratford in a chauffered limousine he had hired for the occasion (LNMEW, 313-15; Diaries, 721). They attended a play at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. Waugh summed up the visit, describing her as “a tough & appreciative little guest on whom I spent great trouble & money. She enjoyed herself no end.” (LNMEW, 315)

As reported by Susan Mary in her memoirs, she was met on arrival by Laura whose leg was in a cast, but Laura assured her that she would be “all right for the party tonight.” Susan Mary had expected no party and brought only a simple evening dress. She had been given to understand that Waugh had refused to attend the coronation and prohibited his children from watching it on TV (although he had erected a “God Save the Queen” banner over the entry to his driveway). She arrived at dinner to find all the Waugh children in their best clothes, with Waugh in white tie and decorations and Laura in a ball dress and tiara. On the other hand, no servants were in evidence and Laura struggled to get the food on the table “crutches, ball dress and all.”

After dinner, Waugh told his children that Susan Mary would give them a first hand description of the coronation: “Mrs. Patten [as she then was] had been in Westminster Abbey watching the Queen’s liege lords drop to one knee as they rendered homage to her.” In fact, as Waugh well knew, she had viewed the procession from the War Office, using Isaiah Berlin’s tickets, and had been “nowhere near the Abbey.” Given the children’s rapt attention and high expectations, she described the ceremony as she had seen it on TV. She concluded, “I shall never know what the point of all this was.” Had Waugh felt sorry for the children and tried to make it up to them for denying them TV or was it only a joke to make fun of her? The day after the coronation dinner, “another Evelyn emerged” as he accompanied her in his country gentleman mode while touring the countryside. (Susan Mary Alsop, To Marietta from Paris 1945-1960, Garden City, NY, 1975,  pp. 225-6).

Nancy Mitford wrote that, after Susan Mary’s return, it was all around Paris about Waugh’s “torturing” her on that visit and the “poor little thing looks more like a Nazi victim than ever” (apparently referring to her anorexic thinness) (LNMEW, 314).

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Memorial Day Roundup

–The Atlantic Monthly has reposted its issue for September 1956. This contains Waugh’s article entitled “Max Beerbohm: A Lesson in Manners”. This was a reprint of the article that had earlier appeared in the Sunday Times. It was a memorial of Waugh’s first meeting with Beerbohm written on the occasion of the latter’s recent death. Waugh was invited to a dinner in Beerbohm’s honor in about 1928-29, and then encountered him briefly the next day at the club where both were staying. Waugh’s article concludes that shortly afterwards:

I was greeted by the porter with a letter addressed— could it be? — in the fine little handwriting which fills the spaces of the famous drawings. How I wish I had kept it! Part of the anarchy which I then professed, was a disdain for personal records. I remember the gist but not the inimitable diction. It was an apology. Max Beerbohm was growing old, he said, and his memory played tricks with him. Once in his own youth he had been mistaken by an elder for someone else and the smart troubled him still. He reminded me that he knew my father well and had seconded him in days before I was born for this very club. He said he had read my novel with pleasure. He was on his way back to Italy. Only that prevented him from seeking a further meeting with me. It was an enchanting document. More exciting still was the thought that, seeing my distress, he had taken the trouble to identify me and make amends.

Good manners were not much respected in the late twenties; not at any rate in the particular rowdy little set which I mainly frequented. They were regarded as the low tricks of the ingratiating underdog, of the climber. The test of a young man’s worth was the insolence which he could carry off without mishap. Social outrages were the substance of our anecdotes. And here from a remote and much better world came the voice of courtesy. The lesson of the master.

The article is also collected in EAR.

The Times in an obituary of film director Gavin Millar opens with this:

Gavin Millar had a laid-back, hands-off approach to directing and often appeared dishevelled on set, lounging in a wicker chair in crumpled clothes, with a mop of tousled hair. And yet, according to William Boyd, who wrote the screenplay for Millar’s ITV adaptation of Scoop in 1987, he would always have the cast “eating out the palm of his hand”.

“Every director wants to do an Evelyn Waugh,” Millar reckoned. “He’s probably the 20th century’s best English comic novelist. But the situations and characters in Scoop are so bizarre that one has to play them down. I just tell the actors to be, not to act and not to be comic, because the comedy is supplied by Mr Waugh.”

The actors for that production, who included Denholm Elliott and Herbert Lom, responded well to this understated method, even when a train full of them got stuck in the searing heat of the Moroccan desert for a day and Millar, recognising the comic potential of the moment, asked them to improvise, with the cameras rolling.

It probably helped to reassure the actors that Bill Deedes, the editor of The Daily Telegraph who was by then in his seventies, had been invited on to the set by Millar and had confirmed that not only were all the period details accurate but also the comic situations. The novel’s hapless journalist hero, William Boot, played by Michael Maloney, had been based on the young Deedes, who had covered the war in Abyssinia in 1935 with Waugh.

For more details on Millar’s life, see our earlier post.

–Conservative news network Newsmax has posted an article that lists the 10 most significant banned books in America. They start by explaining that “books get ‘banned’ in America — by local school boards removing them either from their student reading lists or from their library shelves.”  Their alphabetical list includes this one:

Brideshead Revisited” by Evelyn Waugh (1945)

The story follows the protagonist Captain Charles Ryder’s life and affairs from the 1920s to the 1940s, with the Flytes, a high society Catholic family who reside in a mansion called Brideshead Castle. Ryder has relationships with two of the Flytes: Sebastian and Julia.

The novel’s themes include dependence-driven relationships, the complexities of religious faith, a hint of homosexuality and nostalgia for the age of English aristocracy.

The American Library Association included “Brideshead Revisited” on its list of banned and challenged classics. Without mentioning the book’s name, Alabama state Rep. Gerald Allen, a Republican, proposed a bill that would prohibit the use of public funds for the “purchase of textbooks or library materials that recognize or promote homosexuality as an acceptable lifestyle.”

Others on the list include Adventures of Tom Sawyer, To Kill a Mockingbird and Catcher in the Rye.  The only other book by a British author on the list is Brave New World.

Penguin Books has also published a list. This includes the 50 funniest books of all time. There is only one choice per author, and for Waugh the choice is Scoop. Here’s the explanation:

With Evelyn Waugh, readers are spoilt for choice, because his novels Vile Bodies, Black Mischief, The Loved One and Decline and Fall (jestful from the opening page) all fizz with waggish genius. However, we’ve gone for Scoop, a cracking satire about the world of newspapers. Waugh’s ability to mock behaviour was at its sharpest in a tale of a dishonest press pack. Waugh perfectly skewers a Fleet Street baron (Lord Copper, owner of The Daily Beast), while protagonist William Boot, the nature columnist mistakenly sent to cover a conflict in the African Republic of Ishmaelia, is a marvellous comic creation. Waugh, like Charles Dickens in The Pickwick Papers, was an expert at characterisation, making us laugh in fiction that was, paradoxically, full of profound wisdom and insight.

The choices are heavily weighted toward more recent books (31 were published after 1990) and it seems to have helped to have been published by Penguin. Oddly missing are books by J P Donleavy (eg, The Ginger Man), P J O’Rourke, and Edward St Aubyn.

–The Oxford Mail has posted several 1970s black-and-white photos from their files. Some of these show cast members of the Granada TV production of Brideshead Revisited filming on location in 1979. The two photos in the posting show Jeremy Irons and Anthony Andrews in the Botanic Garden and a street scene. Here’s an excerpt:

Kevin Loader, co-producer [of the 2008 Brideshead remake, that also was filmed on location in Oxford], said in 2008: “Oxford is a beautiful place to work. It has its own challenges, one being that it is full of tourists.

“During the shoot in Oxford, the film makers needed to quickly establish key points in the story. We had to really establish the sense of wonder of Charles’s first experiences of the architecture and the hustle and bustle of Oxford and then the difference between Sebastian’s world and the one that Charles has come from, which is reflected a little in the difference between their two colleges.

“Sebastian’s college, Christ Church, is one of the grandest and richest, with the largest quadrangle, where as Charles’s at Lincoln is much more intimate and domestic.”

For many years movie star Mr Irons has shared a home in Watlington with wife Sinead Cusack and over the years they have both devoted time to various projects in the local community.

–Finally, BBC Radio 4 Extra is rebroadcasting an episode of its Great Lives series from 2018. This is presented by comedian and Waugh fan Russell Kane, assisted by Matthew Parris.  Their topic is Evelyn Waugh. It will air at 1830 on Th 16 June and 0300 on Fr 17 June. It is posted at this link.

 

 

 

 

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Roundup: Mostly Books

The Times has an article describing a re-reading of Henry Green’s peculiar 1939 novel Party Going. This is by Claire Alltree and opens with this:

I think of Henry Green’s 1939 novel every time I walk across Victoria station, which is where I like to imagine Party Going is set. Crippling fog, the prewar equivalent of leaves on the line, has stopped all trains from departing a London station, leaving the concourse swelling with thousands of commuters desperate to get home. Tucked away in the station hotel is a group of very rich bright young things, the story’s main focus, who are trying to make their way to a party in the south of France. As they anxiously wait, and wait, Green’s dryly satirical fever dream of a book feels a bit like James Joyce mixed up with Evelyn Waugh, except that Party Going is also so distinct unto itself there simply isn’t another novel like it.

No one reads Henry Green any more. An Eton-educated wealthy industrialist, he wrote several uneasy, stylistically radical novels between 1926 and 1952, of which Party Going is one of the most peculiar and the best. It’s also not particularly easy to read, although it’s only when you are about a third through that you realise almost nothing is happening. A strange miasma seems to infect the writing, blurring distinctions between location and often even the members of the party — you sometimes think you are reading about Julia, or Claire, only to realise that Angela is speaking instead.

Alltree does not say what edition of the book she read. In the US, the book is available from NYRB Classics along with several other of his works. Here’s a link.  That also appears to be the edition being sold as new in the UK. She goes on to describe the book’s strange plot (applying that term loosely).

Waugh had praised Green’s early novel Living (1929); indeed, he praised it twice. First, in Vogue (4 Sep 1929): “the most vital and dynamic book that has appeared since the war” and about a year later in The Graphic (14 June 1940): “a neglected masterpiece.” But after this initial flirtation with the avant garde, Waugh went silent in the press, and in private proclaimed Green’s later work to be evidence of his madness. He and Green (whose real name was Henry Yorke), knew each other from Oxford and remained on friendly terms, still exchanging letters after the war. They fell out after some incident that occurred on a 1951 visit by Green and his wife to the Waughs. Green, his work and relationship with Waugh are mentioned in several previous posts.

–A Bangladeshi paper The Daily Star carries a story profiling the life and work of novelist and travel writer V S Naipaul. This is by Farhad B Idris. Waugh was an early admirer:

Naipaul’s unique command of the English prose is a fact acknowledged by his friends and foes alike. Following the publication of The Middle Passage, Evelyn Waugh noted its brilliance and observed that Naipaul’s “exquisite mastery of the English language  should … put to shame his British contemporaries.” Waugh did not live long enough to read Naipaul’s The Enigma of Arrival (1987), a much more complex work that combines travel narrative, fiction, and autobiography in an exquisite blend. It is no surprise that the Nobel committee mentioned this work in particular and praised Naipaul’s mastery of his materials in its award citation. Though subtitled “A Novel,” The Enigma is largely autobiographical and recounts, among other topics, Naipaul’s early difficulties as an Ă©migrĂ© determined to be a writer in England following the footsteps of no precursor.

Slightly Foxed has announced their reprinting of a book that might be of interest. This is James Lees-Milne’s memoir of his early life Another Self. Here’s the announcement:

James Lees-Milne wrote that he ‘always felt an outsider in every circle’. It was this, combined with his eye for detail and highly developed sense of the ridiculous, that made him such a wonderful comic writer. John Betjeman compared the impact of Another Self to that of Evelyn Waugh’s Decline and Fall.

James Lees-Milne, writer and architectural historian, is probably best remembered for his mischievously perceptive diaries, which chronicled the doings of upper-class English society from the Second World War onwards in twelve addictive volumes. Another Self, his fanciful, funny, yet poignant account of his early years, has the same gripping quality.

We’re delighted to announce that this classic memoir will be available to readers once more, published on 1 June in a Plain Foxed Edition. These sturdy little books, bound in duck-egg blue cloth, come in the same neat pocket format as the original Slightly Foxed Editions.

In the US, the book is available in a Kindle edition from Amazon.

–The magazine Current Affairs has published a dialogue between its editor and an architect about the career of architect Christopher Alexander who recently died at the age of 85. He is described as a “champion of vernacular structures.” Here is one item of interest from the dialogue which also extends to many other subjects:

Peter Eisenman, who I mentioned earlier, has a marvelous quote, something like my job is not to think about what people want, it’s to think about what they would want if they knew what they should want. He once designed a house that was so bizarre, very geometrically innovative but totally inconvenient. The clients could barely inhabit it successfully. (“Eisenman grudgingly permitted a handful of compromises, such as a bathroom.”) This is actually parodied in Evelyn Waugh’s Decline and Fall, which features a modernist architect who resists including a staircase in a house on aesthetic grounds. (The architect, a clear parody of Le Corbusier, says that “the problem of all art [is] the elimination of the human element from the consideration of form. The only perfect building must be the factory, because that is built to house machines, not men. 
 I suppose there ought to be a staircase. 
 Why can’t the creatures stay in one place?”)

–Culture news website LitHib.com posts an article by novelist Natalie Jenner in which she considers what she calls “unhappy happing endings.” One example is a Waugh novel:

Take Evelyn Waugh’s Brideshead Revisited and its fairly somber ending (which is also its beginning, given the present-day framework around the plot). To the outside world, narrator Charles Ryder is middle-aged, divorced, and alone, except for comrades in war and his rediscovered faith. But what he really is, is someone who finally sees the truth around him, unobscured by repressed envy. Charles doesn’t get much at the end of the novel, but what he doesn’t do is lose any further. He has reached a new, higher level of emotional understanding and grace, and every time I close the pages to Waugh’s classic novel, I feel the very same.

Jenner’s works include the novels The Jane Austen Society and Bloomsbury Girls.

 

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Smallbeer, the Professor and Waugh

D J Taylor writing in the current issue of The Critic describes how Professor Barry Mole managed to eke a career out of the works of the largely forgotten 1930s poet Esme Smallbeer. This is the latest entry in his “Arty Types” column. Here are the opening paragraphs:

Esme Smallbeer died young in 1938 leaving behind him four slim volumes of lyric poetry and a reputation that, as his Times obituarist tactfully put it, had been “somewhat eclipsed” by more fashionable contemporaries such as W.H. Auden and Stephen Spender.

And that might have been the end of Esme, his forty-odd years on the planet and Twilight in Wardour Street, the delicate volume of autobiography left unfinished at his death, had not a promising young graduate student named Barry Mole discovered his name in the index to Valentine Cunningham’s British Writers of the Thirties.

There were only four references, and one of them was merely a footnote about Evelyn Waugh’s mocking review of his first collection, Smitten by the Tarantula, but Barry was not deterred.

In the spirit of Taylor’s profile of Mole’s career, we can note that research of Waugh’s journalism for that period has turned up the “mocking review” cited in the article. This was one of the rare examples overlooked by Waugh’s bibliographers. It appears in the first (and only) issue of the magazine Day Before Yesterday. This was an attempt (futile as it turned out) by several of the participants in the production of the 1937 weekly journal Night and Day (that included weekly contributions from Waugh in a books column) to resurrect it in the early months of 1938. This was after its original publishers shut it down in the closing days of 1937. The inaugural issue of Day Before Yesterday, scheduled to be released on 23 March 1938, contained Waugh’s review (entitled “Better Smite Than Bite?”), but it never saw the light of day. Most issues were pulped when the publishers couldn’t pay the printers.

When one of the few surviving issues recently passed through the hands of London  bookseller, Joshua Shellout, we were generously allowed to read but not reproduce it. Waugh discerned in Smallbeer’s collection a foreshadowing of the work of Julian Maclaren-Ross in the 1940’s, another minor  writer in whose work Waugh  took an interest. How that may have been managed by a poet might be difficult to imagine but with the benefit of Waugh’s text, it all becomes clear. No doubt we can look forward to the appearance of that text in a forthcoming column.

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Two Essays: Orwell’s Comic Novels and Waugh’s Oxford

There are two well written and interesting essays this week relating to Waugh. The first is by Jonathan Clarke and appears in the quarterly City Journal. This is entitled “Orwell’s Humor” and relates mainly to his two 1930s comic novels Keep the Aspidistra Flying (1936) and Coming Up for Air (1939). These are frequently overlooked by Orwell readers since they have little to connect them to his major (and more popular) works. After a discussion of Aspidistra (probably the funnier of the two) Clarke writes:

Orwell’s exact contemporary, Evelyn Waugh (also born in 1903), succeeded as a comic novelist to an extent that Orwell did not, and the comparison is instructive. Waugh had several advantages over Orwell. He had been one of the “Bright Young Things” of postwar London and therefore had the social confidence of an insider. For Orwell, the pain of not having the right parents, of not having enough money, and of not performing the jeux d’esprit that only these two things permit, made impossible the light, bright, heartless tone that Waugh did so well. Waugh was also quite comfortable with his own sadism and turned it outward, while Orwell’s was mostly internalized as self-loathing. The fate of Tony Last in Waugh’s A Handful of Dust, the decent but feckless aristocrat captured and forced to read Dickens to an illiterate bush tyrant, is somehow funny; in Aspidistra, Gordon Comstock’s more prosaic suffering cuts deeper because we recognize it as Orwell’s own.

The second essay is by Daisy Dunn and seems directed to those critics who complained that the Brideshead connection to her recent interwar Oxford book was underdeveloped. This was entitled Not Far from Brideshead and is discussed in several earlier posts. Her essay is posted on The Oldie’s blog and concludes with this:

In some cases, the aftershocks of war were even magnified. In the 1920s, students were reminded repeatedly by their tutors and domestic staff of the courage and superiority of their predecessors who had served King and Country. Waugh’s portrait of the university was not unblemished – Anthony Blanche could attest to that – but the realities of postwar Oxford were in some ways underplayed.

Pansy Lamb’s words – there was ‘something baroque and magnificent on its last legs’ about 1920s society – wouldn’t have surprised Waugh or many other Oxonians by the end of that decade.

Writing in Cherwell in 1930, in the wake of the Wall Street Crash, a student journalist mourned the death of the postwar university and the arrival of an era he described, with clear vision, as ‘uninspiring’.

Looking around at the rather dour students, fun-loving Bowra asked, ‘Where are the aesthetes of yesteryear?’

The frivolities of the 1920s might have seemed vacuous – or even misplaced. But they gave a colourful veneer to a deeply scarred age. Something changed at the end of the ’20s.

The world of Brideshead, in all its contradictions, vanished so quickly that you could be forgiven for asking whether it had even existed at all.

Dunn’s book was published in the UK but is also available for sale in the US. Here’s a link to Amazon sellers. I don’t know whether there is a distribution to US bookstores.

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Mid-May Roundup

The Guardian, apparently in anticipation of the 50th anniversary of the serialized publication of Waugh’s diaries, has posted a brief introduction by Chris Hall. Here’s an excerpt:

The year 1973 saw a big serialisation of the private diaries of Evelyn Waugh in the Observer Magazine, edited by Michael Davie. The edition of 1 April covered the period between ‘coming down from Oxford and getting secretly engaged in the winter of 1927’, which was ‘probably the unhappiest stretch of his life’ (‘Waugh on the bright young people’) […]

When the teacher Captain Grimes in Decline and Fall left his clothes on the beach and a note in a faked suicide bid, it had echoes of Waugh. After running out of money and losing a job, Waugh had gone ‘down to the sea, left his clothes and a valedictory quotation from Euripedes on the beach, and swum towards the horizon. He was stung by a jellyfish, however, and turned back.’ And so A Handful of Dust was nearly a handful of dust […]

Waugh was also sacked after just three months as a reporter on the Daily Express. On the upside, all this material fed into [Waugh’s novels] . Much to thank the jellyfish for.

The Press (Yorkshire) reports the opening of an exhibit at Castle Howard. Here are some highlights:

PERIOD dramas which put a North Yorkshire stately home on the map as a location for TV and film are being celebrated in a new exhibition. Castle Howard On Screen: from Brideshead to Bridgerton has been launched at the attraction, showcasing costumes from hit series with connections to the house and estate […]

Eleanor Brooke-Peat, curator of collections and archives, said: “In this brand-new exhibition, we are celebrating the many times that Castle Howard has appeared as a location on screen. “Displayed within a film set, the exhibition features a selection of beautiful costumes, worn in and inspired by some of these productions, from Brideshead Revisited to Netflix’s Bridgerton, and everything in between. “We hope that this exhibition gives our visitors a glimpse of what it is like to play host to film crews and movie stars, and how our on-screen appearances have helped to bring international fame to this small pocket of North Yorkshire.”

Abbi Olive, head of marketing, sales and programming, added: “Castle Howard has taken a leading role in many productions since Lady L in the 1960s.”The original Brideshead Revisited Granada TV series really put Castle Howard on the map as a location and had a huge impact. […] The income generated from filming companies using our site as a location has gone directly into the conservation and restoration of Castle Howard”…

The exhibition is now open and is included in a House ticket.  It runs until the end of October.

–The website CrimeReads.com has posted a list of  “Ten Close Families in Literature.” One of the novels listed is Brideshead Revisited:

‘I had been there before; I knew all about it’. The ultimate novel of the golden family where all is not really as it should be, it is impossible to pick up Brideshead without being drawn into its dark, glittering circle, with Oxford and young men in cricket whites and all the English country house clichĂ©s, but at its heart, the dysfunction and fossilisation of the upper classes. Very few have done it as well. The Flyte family is slowly dying, its closeness and need to service the title and estate suffocating each family member in different ways.

Others include the Earnshaws and Lintons of Wuthering Heights and the Bennet sisters of Pride and Prejudice.

–The New Zealand website Stuff.co.nz has posted a brief essay on humor and what makes it work. This is by Joe Bennett. Here is an excerpt:

Humour is unflinching. It goes where it goes, and it scoffs at politeness.

“’I expect you’ll be becoming a schoolmaster, sir.” says a character in Evelyn Waugh’s Decline and Fall. “That’s what most of the gentlemen does, sir, that gets sent down for indecent behaviour.”

Humour mocks authority. People like Trump hate it because it tells the truth. The Trumps of this world can neither make a joke nor take one. Laughter bewilders them.

–The review of an Edinburgh art exhibition in The Scotsman makes an interesting connection with a Waugh novel:

Our own planet was not so long ago the centre of the universe. When Galileo opined it might be otherwise, he was threatened with torture by the Inquisition. Now it seems our solar system itself, though bigger than anything Galileo could see, is little more than a single atom. Calling out our hubris and at the same time enumerating some of its consequences seems to be the object of Katie Paterson’s remarkable work Requiem at the Ingleby Gallery, informed by her evident acquaintance with the latest scientific thinking. The Requiem is for the earth we know and love, though it is to be hoped that Paterson is pessimistic, not prophetic. Implicit in the work is the idea that the choice is ours.

Requiem is beautifully presented, although, like much contemporary art, a metaphor certainly, but not exactly a visual one, although certainly poetic. A glass jar sits on a pedestal in the middle of the tall, square, beautifully lit gallery space. A narrow shelf runs round the four walls and arrayed on it are 364 small glass jars, each containing a handful of dust. There are echoes here of Evelyn Waugh’s novel of futility, A Handful of Dust, of the funeral service, dust to dust and ashes to ashes, or beyond them, Ecclesiastes, “All go unto one place; all are of the dust, and all turn to dust again.” This theme is echoed in turn in TS Eliot’s The Waste Land, whence Waugh took the title of his bleak novel. “There is shadow under this red rock/ (Come in under the shadow of this red rock),/ And I will show you something different from either/ Your shadow at morning striding behind you/ Or your shadow at evening rising to meet you;/ I will show you fear in a handful of dust.”

–Finally, on the electronics technology website sixteen-nine.net, there is a report about the ISE [Integrated Systems Europe] Expo later this year in Barcelona:

Is there anything new under the sun? For ISE, there’s a new location, certainly, in Barcelona, but whether or not this is reflected at the show in technology terms is a point of debate.

Worth is not always priced in novelty or youth, however, a fact that is certainly on my mind as I return to the digital signage trade after five years’ absence with grey hair, a new role and, as we all have, a simple need to do as Evelyn Waugh said and “Only connect.”

It was, of course, not Waugh, but E M Forster who made “Only connect” noteworthy when he used it as the epigraph for his novel Howards End. I do not recall Waugh ever commenting upon it.

 

 

 

 

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Mother’s Day Roundup

–Nicholas Lezard writing in the New Statesman calls on Basil Seal to explain why asparagus (now coming into season in northerly climates) is the most sexy vegetable:

… like all things sexy, it trembles on the edge of exploitation. In Evelyn Waugh’s Put Out More Flags, we know Basil Seal is a wrong ’un before we get to his incestuous relationship with his sister because of these lines: “He rejoiced, always, in the spectacle of women at a disadvantage: thus he would watch, in the asparagus season, a dribble of melted butter on a woman’s chin, marring her beauty and making her ridiculous, while she would still talk and smile and turn her head, not knowing how she appeared to him.” That’s awful, but you can see where he’s coming from. The spectacle is almost pornographic, and I’m not sure about that “almost”.

[…] There’s no way round it: asparagus is posh, and as the makers of Downton Abbey, and indeed Evelyn Waugh before them, know, posh is sexy. Asparagus also makes your pee smell funny, as celebrated by Derek and Clive in one of their crueller songs. It becomes intimately involved with the body in a way nothing else does. (OK, beetroot too, but beetroot is yuck. Rhubarb also has its season, and is something this country does better than anyone else, but rhubarb is also yuck. Don’t write in.)

–Bloomsbury Academic has announced the publication of a new book later this year that may be of interest. This is entitled Politics and Literature at the Dawn of World War II. Here’s the publisher’s description:

Mining the borderlands where history meets literature in Britain and Europe as well as America, this book shows how the imminence and outbreak of World War II ignited the imaginations of writers ranging from Ernest Hemingway, W.H. Auden, and James Joyce to Bertolt Brecht, Evelyn Waugh, Henry Green, and IrÚne Némirovsky.

Taking its cue from Percy Shelley’s dictum that great writers are to some extent created by the age in which they live, this book shows how much the politics and warfare of the years from 1939 to 1941 drove the literature of this period. Its novels, poems, and plays differ radically from histories of World War II because-besides being works of imagination– they are largely products of a particular stage in the author’s life as well as of a time at which no one knew how the war would end.

This is the first comprehensive study of the impact of the outbreak of the Second World War on the literary work of American, English, and European writers during its first years.

The book is written by Prof. Emeritus James A W Heffernan of Dartmouth College in New Hampshire. The chapters likely to be of most interest to our readers are these:

W.H. Auden, “September 1, 1939”
The Nazification of Romania in Olivia Manning’s The Balkan Trilogy
The Joke War in Evelyn Waugh’s Put Out More Flags
War, Fire, and Sex in Henry Green’s Caught

As to how comprehensive it may be, that remains to be seen. Conspicuous by their absence from any mention in the announcement are writers such as Anthony Powell (The Valley of Bones, v.7 in Dance to the Music of Time), Graham Greene  (Ministry of Fear) and Cyril Connolly (Horizon magazine) and apparently there is nothing by any Russian writer.

TLS has a review of the book by Daisy Dunn, Not Far from Brideshead.  The book is mentioned in several previous posts. The TLS review is by David Butterfield and concludes with this:

… And what of Brideshead Revisited in the book? We glimpse it occasionally. Murray married into the family who called Castle Howard their own. Bowra was contorted into the hapless Mr Samgrass of the novel. And there’s a vignette of John Betjeman clutching his teddy Archie (who sired Sebastian’s Aloysius). But Waugh himself rarely fell in with senior academics and sympathized little with the dynamic forces that make this book really hum. Perhaps the Wavian narrative now proves more restrictive than elucidatory – not just for Dunn but for most of us?

Bowra is perhaps the only “senior academic” with whom Waugh can be said to have fallen in. Waugh was a fairly frequent visitor at the Warden’s residence of Wadham College, and Bowra is noted in several visits to the Waugh homesteads.

The New Statesman and The Oxford Student also review the book, noting the  references to Brideshead in greater detail. The review in the New Statesman is by Leo Robson and is entitled: “Gilbert Murray: the Oxford don who made Greek chic: Daisy Dunn’s charismatic interwar history of Oxford illuminates the wide influence of the celebrated classicist and his circle.” Here’s a link. The review in The Oxford Student (a bimonthly print and daily online student paper) is by Kian Moghaddas and is available here.

— An article in Crisis Magazine, a religious journal, reconsiders Waugh’s 1962 Spectator article “Same Again, Please” in which he warned about a likely outcome of the Second Vatican Council. This is by retired professor of Gettysburg College, Robert Garnett, who writes:

Though Oxford educated and a distinguished man of letters, Waugh pretended to no particular knowledge of or expertise in the more abstruse items on the Council’s agenda. Liturgy, though—especially the Mass—was something every churchgoing Catholic knew something about. The argument of “The Same Again, Please” is populist, Waugh presenting himself as an ordinary parishioner in the pews, just as the essay’s title echoes a common phrase in English pubs. “I believe I am typical of that middle rank of the Church,” he confessed, “far from the leaders, much further from the saints.”

Most parishioners, Waugh suspected, had little interest in liturgical reform or greater involvement in the Mass. The clamor for reform and the vernacular came from the Catholic chattering class, not from the pews. “I think it highly doubtful whether the average churchgoer either needs or desires to have complete intellectual, verbal comprehension of all that is said,” Waugh observed. “He has come to worship, often dumbly and effectively. . . . When young theologians talk, as they do, of Holy Communion as “a social meal” they find little response in the hearts or minds of their less sophisticated brothers.”

After noting several aspects of liturgical reform addressed by Waugh, the Crisis article concludes:

…although Vatican II’s liturgical changes remain controversial, there can be no doubting their upshot. American (and British) Catholics have voted with their feet, leaving empty pews behind them [citing a recent study]…Unlike many, Waugh did not leave the Church, but neither did he live—nor would he have wanted to live—to see the full flowering of the Council’s reforms. On Easter Day 1966, after attending a nearby Latin Mass, he died suddenly at Combe Florey, his Somerset home. A Requiem Mass was celebrated in London’s Westminster Cathedral. It too, as Waugh would appreciate, was in Latin.

Waugh’s article is reprinted in EAR (p. 602).

–There is an offer on the internet of a new translation of A Handful of Dust. This is a Greek version (ΜÎčα Ï‡ÎżÏÏ†Ï„Î± σÎșόΜη) translated by Palmyra Ismiridou. The publication date is not provided in the internet listing but it is not yet listed on WorldCat which would suggest that it may be new. This is confirmed by a later newspaper announcement.

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