Mid-September Roundup: Applause and Design

The Times newspaper carries an excerpt from David Cameron’s new memoirs For the Record in which he recalls his education. After prep school and Eton, he discusses Oxford and concludes with this about his membership in the Bullingdon Club:

I can’t, of course, write about Oxford without three dreaded words that haunted me for most of my political life: the Bullingdon Club. When I look now at the much-reproduced photograph taken of our group of appallingly over-self-confident “sons of privilege”, I cringe. If I had known at the time the grief I would get for that picture, of course I would never have joined. But life isn’t like that.

At the time I took the opposite view to Groucho Marx, and wanted to join pretty much any club that would have me. And this one was raffish and notorious. These were also the years after the ITV adaptation of Brideshead Revisited, when quite a few of us were carried away by the fantasy of an Evelyn Waugh-like Oxford existence.

It seems odd for Cameron to include Waugh’s Brideshead among the reasons for his joining the Bullingdon when Waugh himself had rather rubbished it in his first novel Decline and Fall and doesn’t mention it in any positive way in Brideshead (except for its persecution of Anthony Blanche).

–The Daily Telegraph earlier this week carried an article by Emily Hill expressing concern that, in the UK, applause was in danger of becoming a spontaneous reaction unconnected with any thought of approval of what was being applauded. The article refers to applause in Parliament on the occasion of the announcement by John Bercow that he was stepping down as Speaker of the House of Commons. He was one of the few participants in recent debates who attempted some semblance of impartiality on the matters arising from the Brexit process. The comment is, however, not surprising in the rabidly pro-Brexit Telegraph, which has been flirting with unreadability recently in an apparent race with the Daily Mail to the bottom of the objective reporting chart.

In the course of the article other examples of automatic applause were cited, including one from an Evelyn Waugh novel:

‘If you’re happy and you know it, clap your hands’ is a hideously repetitive nursery song many of us were brainwashed with as children – which perhaps explains the spontaneous applause when Speaker Bercow resigned in the Commons this week.

[…] As a nation, though, I fear that we’ve officially lost the plot. We used to clap as a mark of respect at the start of toasts and the end of speeches. Take that brilliant banquet scene in Evelyn Waugh’s Scoop, when Lord Copper makes a 38-minute speech and notes with approval that “even the waiters… were diligently clapping”…

Lord Copper’s speech is delivered at the end of Waugh’s novel. But it should be noted that the waiters were applauding before the speech when Lord Copper rose to deliver it, not 38 minutes later, after it had come to an end (London: Penguin, 2011, pp. 300-02). The point is no less valid, however; perhaps even more so.

–In another article, the Daily Telegraph describes an exhibit at Charleston, the museum in East Sussex that was the farmhouse home of Vanessa Bell and Duncan Grant. The exhibit displays the works of the Omega Workshop founded by Bloomsbury art critic Roger Fry. According to the Telegraph:

Fry set out, through Omega, to blur the boundary between fine and applied arts, while offering struggling artists an income. Bell and Grant joined as directors, and the likes of Paul Nash and Gaudier-Breszka went on the payroll. Everything produced or sold was chosen to translate the joy felt by the creator to the purchaser. […] To buy into such pleasure was not cheap. Omega objects were aimed at arbiters of fashion and taste such as E M Forster and Lady Ottoline Morrell. Even Charles Ryder, in Evelyn Waugh’s Brideshead Revisited, arrives at Oxford with an Omega screen.

Charles also brings with him a book written by Roger Fry. This was entitled Vision and Design. The Telegraph’s article concludes with this:

Shutting up shop after six years, Fry declared Omega a failure, saying “I think it it would have succeeded in any other European country.” Despite his disappointment, Omega did at least give design a long-denied artistic credibility. But it would take the Bauhaus that opened in 1919, the year Omega closed, to have a more startling impact on design worldwide.

The exhibit is open through 1st January 2020. Information is available at this link.

–The latest issue of the journal Christianity and Literature (No. 68.4, September 2019) contains an article by Taryn Okuma entitled “‘Much to Repent and Repair’: Evelyn Waugh’s Sword of Honour and Modern War Literature”. Here is an abstract:

Although Evelyn Waugh’s World War II trilogy Sword of Honour is often read for its distinctly Roman Catholic critique of the war, not enough attention has been paid to the central role that the sacrament of penance plays in Waugh’s depiction of the war and the narrative structure of the trilogy. Guy Crouchback’s spiritual journey towards true repentance during the war is echoed formally by Waugh’s construction of a retrospective and didactic narrative that encourages the reader to look back and reflect, resulting in a war literature that is Catholic both in content and form.

Taryn Okuma is Associate Professor of Practice (English) at Catholic University in Washington, DC.

 

 

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BBC “Great Lives” Revisited

In this week’s issue of The Tablet, columnist Christopher Howse revisits last December’s BBC Radio 4 broadcast of the series Great Lives in which Evelyn Waugh was the subject. See previous posts. Presenter Matthew Parris interviewed panelists Russell Kane, a comedian and Waugh fan, and Ann Pasternak Slater, an Oxford Senior Research Fellow and Waugh scholar. According to Howse, he had received a letter from a Tablet reader about the program, who wrote to him:

in a great rage at “anti-Catholic bigotry on Radio 4”. On an edition of the popular programme Great Lives about Evelyn Waugh, she heard an exchange between the presenter Matthew Parris and his guest, the comedian Russell Kane.

Matthew Parris: “I find his Catholicism very difficult, because he was such a clever and discerning and honest man, and to have swallowed whole the doctrine of the Catholic Church in the way that he did just strikes me as odd.”

Russell Kane: “Could it be as simple as he was in the middle of some horrible emotional collapse and the priest got in there at the right moment and converted him and it was an addiction that got in at the right time?”

The reader went to the BBC complaints department. She argued that apparently the only explanations for anyone being Catholic are stupidity, dishonesty, mental breakdown, addiction and priests taking advantage. It goes without saying, she thought, that this wouldn’t have been said about someone Jewish, Muslim or Hindu, or would have been edited out. But she got nowhere. […]

Howse then listened to the program, which is still available on BBC Radio 4 via the internet. After hearing it through, he concluded:

The programme also featured an expert on Waugh, Ann Pasternak Slater, to keep the record straight, and she contradicted Mr Parris. When he wondered whether he took Waugh too seriously, she countered: “I think you take him too shallowly.”

I don’t complain that the BBC put the programme out. Anyone who has read biographies of Waugh knows that his decision to become a Catholic was discerning, honest and self-denying. He assumed, for one thing, that he wouldn’t be able to remarry, since his first wife had gone off and left him.

Howse might have added that the reader cited Parris’s comment out of context since it was preceded by a very thorough and reasoned analysis by Pasternak Slater of the basis for Waugh’s conversion to Roman Catholicism. Howse is correct in concluding that there was nothing unfair or one-sided about the BBC 4 presentation that would warrant the sort of censorship the reader seemed to suggest.

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Croatian Version of A Handful of Dust

The Zagreb-based publisher Mozaik Knjiga has issued a Croatian translation of Waugh’s novel A Handful of Dust. The Croatian title is PregrĆĄt praĆĄine and the translator is Petra MrduljaĆĄ. The book is reviewed in the weekly Croatian national news magazine Nacional and the provincial newspaper Glas Istre (Voice of Istria) which describe it as “a masterpiece of sophisticated satire”. The review continues:

The novel “A Handful of Dust” focuses on the beautiful Lady Brenda, who begins to get bored in her husband’s castle after seven years of marriage, and embarks on a love affair with a vain charlatan (“hohstapler”) with whom she has a completely different life, full of fun and personal tragedies.

According to the publisher’s description:

“A handful of dust masterfully blends tragedy, comedy and ruthless irony and evokes the irresponsible atmosphere of a ‘frantic and sterile generation between the two world wars,'”

This makes the sixth of Waugh’s novels available in Croatian. In addition to the three novels in the Sword of Honour trilogy (Počasni mač), Croatian versions of the The Loved One (Voljeni pokojnik) and Brideshead Revisited (Povratak u Brideshead) have already been published.

 

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Waugh Letter for Sale

A 4 December 1959 letter from Evelyn Waugh to a reader in Columbus, Ohio is for sale. The letter is offered on the internet by Charles Agvent Rare Books and Autographs of Fleetwood, Pennsylvania. The letter is addressed to Jane Callaway who had apparently been assigned to write about Waugh for her school or college lessons. She seems to have  had a question about the religious themes in Brideshead Revisited.

Waugh’s letter opens:

I think it is vulgar for a writer to discuss his own work. Still worse to ascribe any value to it. You have been [illegible] given the uncongenial task of studying my work as a test of your intelligence, taste and ability to use a library.

He goes on to suggest that she reread Brideshead, with the admonition that “Any book worth reading once is worth reading three times.” He also recommends that she try reading his other books as well as Frederick J Stopp’s 1958 critique of his work and suggests that she try a survey of English literature 1935-1945. The letter closes:

If I may offer advice without impertinence stop writing letters to people in ‘Japan, Germany, Canada’ and above all in Great Britain.

The letter was previously sold by the auction house of Skinner in Boston. At that time, two years ago, it went for a price of $400: Lot 1113A, Auction 2891T, 18 May 2016. Miss Callaway’s identity is not revealed aside from her residence in Columbus. No letter from her to Waugh is listed in the British Library’s archive of Waugh’s incoming correspondence.

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New French Edition of Waugh Wartime Diary

Later this week an edition of Waugh’s wartime diaries in French translation will be published. This is entitled Journal de guerre (1939-1945). It is translated by Julia Mayle and published by Les Belles Lettres. Boldly featured on the bottom of the cover page is the word “InĂ©dit” which means in this context “not previously published”.

The description of the book provided by the publisher is translated below (with a few edits):

“At each stage of the disaster … , I was in a prominent place. ”

In his diary, unpublished in France, Evelyn Waugh (1903-1966), reveals with ferocious irony the backstage of the British army during the Second World War. He will also draw from the peculiar war that he described in his famous romantic Sword of Honor trilogy, with Men in Arms, Officers and Gentlemen and Unconditional Surrender.

At 36, it was not easy for the Catholic writer to serve as an officer in the British army. But war or not, he remains similarly contemptuous of the universe that surrounds him. The training of the early days? Numerous degrading games designed to keep us in a good mood but which, in reality, go against the natural dignity of man. Sent from one unit to another, he takes part in various and unusual military operations. First, in 1940, the abortive Dakar expedition alongside the Free French led by General de Gaulle. Then the catastrophic evacuation of Crete by the British army. Finally, there is a long mission in the Balkans to Tito and his Partisans, with the improbable Randolph Churchill, son of the Prime Minister.  In the course of this,  the two men survive the crash of their plane, one of the many episodes of a tumultuous relationship. Between the [overseas assignments], there are dinners shared with the London establishment in the capital crushed by bombs, described with the same cynicism.

During these five years of war, Waugh continues, day after day, his insolent criticism of  British social life and one of its proudest jewels, the Army.

The length of the book is 280 pages and it is for sale on Amazon.fr for €23.50. It is probably taken from “Part 5. The Wartime Diaries 1939-1945” of the 1976 London edition of the Diaries of Evelyn Waugh, pp 457-620. Whether it includes additional material that had been omitted from the previous English language edition is not stated.

 

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Early September Roundup

–Waugh biographer Selina Hastings has reviewed D J Taylor’s recent literary history Lost Girls in the Literary Review. See earlier posts. Her review concludes with this:

In Lost Girls, Taylor presents a colourful portrait of this fascinating, sophisticated and highly sexualised literary world. The chaos of the lives of these lost girls, their husbands, lovers, friends and enemies, is expertly narrated. Taylor also offers excellent descriptions of the daily routine in the Horizon office and, crucially, of that ruthlessly dominating figure, Connolly himself. Occasionally, the stage becomes a little overcrowded: there are a few too many digressions, too many lesser—known figures, past and future husbands and wives, lovers, friends, writers and members of society all of them interesting in them selves but slightly distracting, their appearances too often turning the spotlight away from the leading members of this eccentric cast. All in all, however, this is a remarkable work and an important addition to the extraordinary wartime history of literary London.

Oddly, although Evelyn Waugh plays a prominent part in the book, Hastings doesn’t mention this in her review.

The Spectator offers advice to incoming university students in a column by Stephen Schmalhofer. He recognizes that a large majority of them may opt for the study of business and investment rather then the Humanities but urges them nevertheless to read as many novels as possible to hone their ability to deal with people in their chosen commercial professions. He offers examples of what several novels have to offer about human types likely to be encountered, including this one from a Waugh novel:

In Evelyn Waugh’s Brideshead Revisited you meet Hooper, ‘a man to whom one could not confidently entrust the simplest duty.’ He sleeps soundly while his manager lies awake fretting. You will meet many Hoopers but try not to hire them.

–Harry Mount, writing in the Catholic Herald welcomes the news that Duolingo, the most popular internet language learning site, is going to offer courses in Latin. One of the reasons Mount advances for why Latin is important in contemporary life is this:

I’ve got a theory about a certain generation of English writers, born in the first half of the last century: Evelyn Waugh, Graham Greene, Anthony Powell and Kingsley Amis. They caught the tail end of the same sort of in-depth Latin education [previously offered]. But they also grew up in the days of Modernism, and novels written in easy-going, conversational English. The combination usually worked out brilliantly: they could move between serious and jokey registers, and between highfalutin and rough and ready ones.

I can’t speak Latin. I wish I could. […] But I do know enough Latin to know that every new Latin word I learn intensifies not just my understanding of Latin and English, but also of Western civilisation.

–The Boston Globe interviews journalist, politician and now academic Samantha Power about her favorite reading. In one answer, she explains the books she read in connection with her assignment to cover the Bosnian War in the 1990s. After she lists several non-fiction books with Yugoslavian themes, she concludes wth this:

At the same time we were carrying around the Bosnian novelist Ivo Andric’s The Bridge on the River Drina, Rebecca West’s Black Lamb and Grey Falcon and Evelyn Waugh’s Scoop.

Scoop had nothing to do with Yugoslavia (the war it covered was in Abyssinia) but may have been consulted by Powers and her fellow journalists because of what it had to say about foreign correspondents covering wars. On the other hand, she may have confused that title with Waugh’s book about war in Yugoslavia entitled Unconditional Surrender.

–A review in Flood Magazine compares the new album (“Norman F—ing Rockwell !”) by singer-songwriter Lana Del Ray to Waugh’s 1930 novel Vile Bodies:

… In accordance with her sixth album’s dictates—its stories of lost values and lit cultures, ladies of the (Laurel) canyon, and a mellow soft rock sound—the singer/songwriter [Del Ray…] fashions a modern take on Evelyn Waugh’s Vile Bodies. Rather than England between the wars, Del Rey’s Rockwell! finds her setting her harmonious, sundown tones to the gullies of fantastic LA in the ’70s, her questions to an isolated Trumpian moment, all in a voice less breathy (her usual) than smug and disgusted—but unlike Waugh’s satirical look at decadent decay, Lana isn’t joking around.

–Blogger Daniel Harper on what is apparently a Unitarian/Universalist website cites Waugh’s description of his response to an Ethiopian Coptic religious service in When the Going was Good:

While watching the mass of the Abyssinian Orthodox church in Debra Lanos in 1930, during the coronation of Ras Tafari as emperor of Abyssinia, Evelyn Waugh noted that the liturgy was “quite unintelligible.” As a Roman Catholic, he had thought that the “canon of the Mass would have been in part familiar, but this was said in the sanctuary behind closed doors.” This observation led him to reflect on the exoteric (as opposed to esoteric) nature of Western Christianity[…]

After quoting further details of Waugh’s reaction to the Coptic service, the blogpost concludes:

Waugh, in 1930, was a recent and fervent convert to Roman Catholicism, and a good part of what he wrote here may be classed as Catholic apologetics directed at his Church of England readers. And some of what he wrote came from the fanciful imagination of the novelist, which is not to say that it is untrue, but it isn’t careful and dry academic discourse. And there is a core of truth in what he wrote: the mainstream of Western religion tends towards the exoteric, rather than the esoteric. This is as true of Protestantism and newer forms of Christianity as it was of Waugh’s Roman Catholicism. When the Pentecostal receives the baptism of the Spirit and speaks in tongues, it happens in front of the gathered congregation, and videos may be taken of the event and posted on Youtube. When the Unitarian Universalist minister delivers a highly intellectual sermon, everyone is welcome to come and listen to it, though you may need an advanced degree to keep up with the literary allusions and verbal footnotes.

The quoted material appeared originally in Waugh’s 1931 travel book Remote People.

 

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Dystopias and Novellas

Novelist Robert Harris has written an essay in The Sunday Times about and extract from his new novel The Second Sleep that will be published next week in the UK (19 November in the USA). The novel is written in a distant dystopian future following a cyberwar in the 21st Century. The realization of what happened is described in the essay which starts with the elimination of the internet, disabling mobile phones, and proceeds to the worldwide destruction of electricity grids and with it the gradual end of organized civilization. What survives is somewhat surprising and Evelyn Waugh is invoked to help explain it:

Orwell got so much right, it seems churlish to point out the one big thing he got wrong. But his friend Evelyn Waugh put his finger on it in the letter of thanks he wrote to Orwell after receiving an advance copy: “What makes your version [of the future] spurious to me is the disappearance of the Church. Disregard all the supernatural implications if you like, but you must admit its unique character as a social & historical institution. I believe it is inextinguishable.”

Waugh’s prophecy came true in Poland in the 1980s, where it was the Catholic Church that did much to undermine the communist monolith in eastern Europe.

There are about 40,000 churches in England and Wales. It is likely that these structures — or their ruins — built mostly of stone and dating from an earlier epoch will continue to stand, long after modern buildings have collapsed. In my novel it is the churches that provide the local centres where survivors congregate — at first for shelter and security, and gradually for spiritual support and a theological explanation of the catastrophe that has overwhelmed them.

Waugh’s quoted letter is dated 17 June 1949 (Letters, p. 302). Harris’s point is elaborated in the extract from his book that accompanies the essay:

I have not attempted to give a comprehensive account of every building and monument in England above 800 years old, for such a task would be impossible. Too numerous to count are the examples that have survived from the Pre-Apocalypse Era, most notably our churches and cathedrals which, being constructed of stone, have proved more durable than structures erected many generations later. The same may be said of certain houses and other public buildings of what the ancients called their 18th and 19th centuries — now some 1,000 years old.

After Orwell’s death, Waugh attempted to flesh out the arguments from the quoted letter in a brief novella Love Among the Ruins which blogger Jerry House, posting on jerryshouseof everything, has reviewed and summarized;

This bitingly satirical novelette (illustrated by Mervyn Peake!) first appeared in the British magazine Lilliput in its May/June 1953 issue and was issued as a thin book later that year by Chapman & Hall (London).  Its prolific author, Evelyn Waugh (1903-1966), was a persnickity, thin-skinned, fundamently conservative whose life was periodically undone by his own folly.  Nonetheless he was a sharp, often dispassionate observer who could wickedly skewer modern times (which he despised) with his old-fashioned pen and inkwell (no typewriters for Evelyn, no, no, no; also no telephones and no driving, so poo to modernity).[…] Lost within [Waugh’s output] is Love Among the Ruins, a dystopian novel about a future welfare-state England.[…] and a quick, enjoyable, and magnificent farce, one worthy of Waugh’s reputation.  Highly recommended.

A more complete magazine version of the novella appeared in the 31 July 1953 edition of  Commonweal published in the USA.

An anonymous Hong Kong based blogger on flashdesigner.com.hk offers a review and summary of another of Waugh’s post-war novellas Scott-King’s Modern Europe. Here’s the conclusion:

Written at the end of the second world war, when perhaps mythically the British had stood alone, the book is perhaps the author’s reflection on events that saw the division of Europe into opposing camps. The territorial integrity of the United Kingdom, and essentially England within it, had been maintained. But those “over there” we’re still foreign and thankfully thy weren’t “over here”. Their values weren’t our values, and yet their influence was all-pervading, or at least potentially so. Britain, and the English on the throne within it, we’re still alone, still threatened. This is the culture that is suffused throughout Evelyn Waugh’s little book and it is the assumption that makes its reading in 2018 at least poignant. It might even have been written a week ago, based on anyone’s list of presumptions that surrounded the Brexit referendum. Everything that was not an English value is manifest in this non-culture of Neutralia, a nation that needs to invent heroes raised from within the mediocrity of its unrecognized and – even more reprehensible – unrecorded past. How non-English can one get?

Waugh’s humor enlivens the story and his unapologetic Englishness almost renders himself as the principal character. It is short enough to be read in an hour, but it’s sentiment and message will resonate very strongly with contemporary readers. In Britain’s current political context, Scott-King’s Modern Europe is a little book with a big message.

Both novellas mentioned in these blogposts are available in Waugh’s Complete Stories.

 

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Waugh and The Brexlit Novel

The Australian literary journal Quadrant has posted an article entitled “Brexit and the Decline of the English Novel” in which a new genre of novel is described. This is the “Brexlit” novel and has already chalked up a number of examples to its credit (or discredit, as the case may be). The article by David Martin Jones notes seven full-length novels devoted to the subject of Britain’s departure from the European Union, or not as the case may yet be. The first off the press was Ali Smith’s Autumn (2016). This was followed by two others which reflected :

…a parallel reality [that] all the Brexit novelists share. Anger at the “No” vote and the threat it presents to their borderless worldview pervades Brexlit. Indignation comes naturally to the self-indulgent contemporary genre of auto fiction practiced by Olivia Laing and Rachel Cusk.[…] The Brexit novelists want to elect a new people. The current white male population—racist, homophobic, dumb and illiberal—is not fit for purpose.

Laing’s novel is entitled Crudo and Cusk’s Kudos, both published in 2018.

Martin Jones then takes up three examples by male novelists.  The first two are Time of Lies (2017) by Douglas Board and Perfidious Albion (2019) by Sam Byers. Both of these are satires that posit dystopian futures where the Brexiteers have won and eliminated the old two party system. In Time of Lies there a new party called Britain’s Great or “BG”, consisting of thuggish Fascists. They win the election and

Within weeks, the new populist government is at odds with the European Commission and threatening to explode a nuclear bomb over its Brussels headquarters. A Civil Service-engineered coup, however, ends BG’s brief populist experiment.

In Perfidious Albion, there is:

…the anonymous, multinational Green, a company that follows “the disruptive logic of the Silicon Valley”. Moving fast and breaking things, Green harvests personal information and runs social experiments to build an algorithmically-ordered digital dystopia.[…] Byers’s satire reduces populism to a mixture of mindless thuggery, racism and cynical manipulation. The Guardian found the novel, “furiously smart 
 and madly funny”.

Perhaps the most ambitious and thoughtful contribution to the genre comes from Jonathan Coe’s 2018 novel. This is called Middle England. It involves characters called back from his earlier State of Britain novels The Rotters’ Club and The Closed Circle. There is also at least one novel that offers sympathetic consideration to the working class losers who came out on the winning side. This is Anthony Cartwright’s The Cut (2017).

Martin Jones then addresses previous generations of British writers facing momentous issues of the day in the 20th and 19th centuries:

Analysing social divisions in these simplistic terms [reflected in Brexlit novels] fails to explain why so many voted for Leave, which was neither just a provincial nor a working-class phenomenon. Consequently, no novel makes a serious effort to explore the wider cultural dimensions of Brexit. Brexlit ignores the Islamically-inspired terror attacks across Europe after 2014, and the impact they may have had on the popular perception of immigration, especially in the wake of Angela Merkel’s arbitrary decision to open Europe’s borders to refugees in 2015. […]

Brexlit instead reinforces the smug, self-referential worldview found in English literature departments, literary reviews and progressive publishing houses. Characters are one-dimensional, the plots soap-operatic. It’s hard to think of a time when the English novel would not have made more of the ironic possibilities that the chaos of Brexit affords. Post-war English writers as various as Evelyn Waugh, Anthony Powell, George Orwell and John Braine would surely have dealt with Brexit in a more controversial and provocative manner. They would certainly have done some research, as Orwell did when he took The Road to Wigan Pier, and would never have expressed such contempt for the working classes or shown the unqualified respect for Labour politicians, liberal journalists, the progressive European establishment or Remainer civil servants as Brexlit does. Anthony Powell would have found in [the real life] Olly Robbins a fine example of the civil service’s Widmerpool tendency. Waugh’s Lord Copper would have enjoyed the Conservative and Labour parties’ shambolic reaction to the “No” vote. John Braine’s Joe Lampton would have shown far more resilience than Cairo Jukes [in The Cut] as well as contempt for the patronising, progressive views of women like Grace [in that same novel] or Sophie Trotter [in Middle England]. But we need only consider briefly how the modern condition-of-England genre first emerged to see the depths to which it has now fallen.

Among 19th century writers Martin Jones gives pride of place to Elizabeth Gaskell’s North and South and Charles Dickens’ Hard Times as offering more balanced and thoughtful views of the chaotic times facing their characters, particularly the working classes. The article concludes:

The progressive London literary establishment, its academic book reviewers and Remainer publishing houses like Faber & Faber and Penguin have turned the English novel, not into a mirror to investigate the condition of England, but into a form of ideological group-think that Soviet-era dissidents like Czeslaw Milosz would recognise.

 

 

 

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Evelyn Waugh and the Mid-Century Gothic

A book published earlier this year addresses what it sees as a postwar response in literature and other media of cultural expression to the modernism that prevailed in the interwar period. The book is entitled Mid-Century Gothic which is the name applied to the literary and cultural phenomena it describes. It is written by Lisa Mullen who is a research fellow at Worcester College, Oxford. It would be reckless to attempt a summary of what is meant by the term Mid-Century Gothic, but one can read a full description in the book’s introduction which is available online at the above link.

One example of the concept is found in Evelyn Waugh’s Brideshead Revisited. This is associated with the paintings of Charles Ryder as described in the novel. The first of these is the mural of a ruin he painted on the walls of Brideshead Castle before the war. This painting is ruined in reality by the carelessness of the military occupants during the war. According to the book (p. 30):

Charles is engaged in an anti-modern project to create a well-delineated but counter-factual reality, in which aristocratic privilege and taste will not be demolished by time […] As modern war creates new kinds of ruins and a new attitude to the past, the very idea of ruins–and their symbolic correlative–is threatened with superannuation.

There is also an interesting discussion of the contribution to the theory of the Mid-Century Gothic by the novel’s character Anthony Blanche, the only “modernist survivor” in the novel and the only critic of Charles’s paintings of ivy clad ruins of Latin American houses. He describes these as an inauthentic attempt at “exotic gothicism”. Finally, there is a concluding discussion of Charles’s conversion to Roman Catholicism which is seen as the rejection of his “one remaining modern attitude, the agnosticism that has defined him and which has set him apart from the family” (p. 32).

Other contemporary novels discussed in the same context as Brideshead (“Rubble, Walls, and Murals: The Threshold between Abstraction and Materiality”) include Joyce Cary’s The Horse’s Mouth and Rose Macaulay’s The World My Wilderness. The author of the book, Lisa Mullen, also reviewed several volumes of the Complete Works of Evelyn Waugh. See previous post. That review is now available without a subscription on Academia.edu.

 

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Labor Day Roundup: Waugh by Design

–Bristol-based interior decorators Jane Clayton & Co have announced a new line of household fabrics called Marchmain. As described on their website:

The decadence of a bygone era is evoked in this collection of richly coloured velvet and chenille woven designs inspired by textiles from the 20’s and 30’s. Marchmain takes its name from the fictional Lord Marchmain in Evelyn Waugh’s novel, Brideshead Revisited.

These were designed by Nina Campbell and in addition to Marchmain, there are three other designs called Flyte, Brideshead Damask and Sebastian. The various patterns and colors are illustrated at the above link.

–In another article relating to British design expertise, the Daily Mail includes a London hatter that was patronized by Waugh. This is Lock & Co:

Established in 1676, Lock & Co. is the world’s oldest hat shop and one of the oldest family businesses in existence. The family still run the business from the same shop at 6 St. James’s Street in London. The brand’s hats have topped Admiral Lord Nelson, Queen Elizabeth II, Sir Winston Churchill, Charlie Chaplin and Evelyn Waugh. They are designed in the UK and, wherever possible, Lock & Co. works with British suppliers. The store holds two coveted Royal Warrants for the Prince of Wales and the Duke of Edinburgh.

–In different fashion context, the US-based menswear magazine GQ (formerly Gentlemen’s Quarterly) mentions Waugh in connection with a new trend in men’s fashion. This is based on a recent study commissioned by Women’s Wear Daily which

… shows that over the past year, men have gravitated away from “directional brands”—the ones that ply luxury streetwear—and are instead reaching for “pure luxury players,” a list that’s topped by Gucci and also includes Moncler, Givenchy, and Ralph Lauren.

That’s right: the hypebeast hath become the hypegent.

Maybe men, like me (a woman), have been reading nonstop Evelyn Waugh, and what else can you wear while having a champagne picnic with your teddy bear? Maybe these men read the Fall 2019 Trend Report, which predicted the return of good taste and a renewed interest in heritage brands and new designers who just act like their forebearers.

–The Oxford Mail has a review of Auberon Waugh’s recently reissued Waugh on Wine. The review by Christopher Gray opens with this:

In fact, though a considerable expert on drinking of all sorts, [Evelyn] Waugh wrote surprisingly little on the subject, except in his diaries and letters where his massive benders, especially in Oxford, figure prominently. In his celebrated ‘Oxford’ novel Brideshead Revisited, when Charles Ryder and Lord Sebastian Flyte are caning into the contents of Brideshead’s cellars, their descriptions of the wine become absurdly picturesque.

After a largely favorable discussion of Auberon’s book, the review catches him out on this:

Monty Python came […]  into my mind as I read Waugh on Wine when, discussing ‘Little-known wines of France’, he writes: “The sad truth is that the best wines in France come from the five greatest wine producing areas of Bordeaux, Burgundy, Beaujolais, the RhĂŽne, Champagne and Alsace.”

Five! Only if Alsace and Champagne are one area, which they’re not. Wasn’t this like Python’s Spanish Inquisition whose “three weapons are fear, and surprise, and ruthless efficiency . . . and an almost fanatical devotion to the Pope”?

The Guardian has reviewed D J Taylor’s new book The Lost Girls, mentioned in several recent posts. The review is written by Aida Idemariam who is concerned with whether the “Lost Girls” may have been precursors of the 1960s feminists. She concludes:

As for their place in history as feminists, [the Lost Girls] cannot, as Taylor acknowledges, really be called that – but their sense that “what mattered most was not material comfort but autonomy” makes a case for the importance of their example. Beautiful they might have been, and that is a kind of power, but they were handicapped before they began, not by lack of funds (though that happened frequently) but by a lack of education, entitlement, cultural capital and sheer expectation, which gave a manipulative, charming, horrible man like Connolly untold power over them. Taylor seems depressed by their servitude to this “pudgy figure hanging over the playpen rail”, and it is depressing. Even when they begin to detach themselves, “deep down they suspect that his are the sensibilities that matter most” – and, as even the last lines of Lost Girls, which is meant to be their story, attest, they are not wrong.

–Finally, a podcast called Screen Spiel is working its way through a list of the 100 greatest novels and has recently posted a discussion of Waugh’s Scoop which is #28. The two participants, identified as Mark and Sarah, consider the 1987 ITV adaptation as their “text”. The same approach is taken to other novels on the list, unless no adaptation is available. Here’s a description:

Hear all about it! Scoop was a 1938 novel by Evelyn Waugh. It’s a parody of the writers time as a war correspondent for the Daily Mail. We watch the 1987 ITV drama adaptation starring Michael Maloney in the starring role of William Boot. Garanteed no one else has ever produced a podcast about this obscure piece of TV, Mark & Sarah discuss the story and how this book has been brought to the small screen.

The podcasters admit they have never read the book and know Waugh only as the author of the equally unread Brideshead Revisited. Indeed, they struggle with the pronunciation of Waugh’s name and have a considerable problem following the story. They attribute their difficulty to a suspicion that the adaptation was required to drop parts of the story to fit it into the two-hour TV format, concluding that storyline was sacrificed to preserve over-long comic scenes. They compare Scoop to other adaptations discussed in previous episodes such as Lucky Jim and Cold Comfort Farm as well as to Rowan Atkinson’s Mr Bean’s Holiday.

 

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Posted in Adaptations, Auberon Waugh, Brideshead Revisited, Newspapers, Scoop | Tagged , , , , , | Comments Off on Labor Day Roundup: Waugh by Design